A common procedure performed throughout biomedical research is the selection and isolation of biological entities such as organelles, cells and organoids from a mixed population. In this review, we describe the development and application of microraft arrays, an analysis and isolation platform which enables a vast range of criteria and strategies to be used when separating biological entities. The microraft arrays are comprised of elastomeric microwells with detachable polymer bases (microrafts) that act as capture and culture sites as well as supporting carriers during cell isolation. The technology is elegant in its simplicity and can be implemented for samples possessing tens to millions of objects yielding a flexible platform for applications such as single-cell RNA sequencing, subcellular organelle capture and assay, high-throughput screening and development of CRISPR gene-edited cell lines, and organoid manipulation and selection. The transparent arrays are compatible with a multitude of imaging modalities enabling selection based on 2D or 3D spatial phenotypes or temporal properties. Each microraft can be individually isolated on demand with retention of high viability due to the near zero hydrodynamic stress imposed upon the cells during microraft release, capture and deposition. The platform has been utilized as a simple manual add-on to a standard microscope or incorporated into fully automated instruments that implement state-of-the-art imaging algorithms and machine learning. The vast array of selection criteria enables separations not possible with conventional sorting methods, thus garnering widespread interest in the biological and pharmaceutical sciences.

中文翻译：

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另一种技术：微筏阵列

在整个生物医学研究中执行的一个常见程序是从混合群体中选择和分离生物实体，例如细胞器、细胞和类器官。在这篇综述中，我们描述了微筏阵列的开发和应用，微筏阵列是一种分析和分离平台，可以在分离生物实体时使用广泛的标准和策略。微筏阵列由具有可拆卸聚合物基底（微筏）的弹性体微孔组成，充当捕获和培养位点以及细胞分离过程中的支撑载体。该技术简单而优雅，可用于拥有数千万至数百万个物体的样本，为单细胞 RNA 测序、亚细胞细胞器捕获和分析、高通量筛选以及 CRISPR 基因编辑的开发等应用提供灵活的平台。细胞系、类器官操作和选择。透明阵列与多种成像模式兼容，可以根据 2D 或 3D 空间表型或时间特性进行选择。由于在微筏释放、捕获和沉积过程中对细胞施加的流体动力应力接近于零，因此可以根据需要单独隔离每个微筏，并保持高活力。该平台已被用作标准显微镜的简单手动附加组件，或合并到实现最先进的成像算法和机器学习的全自动仪器中。大量的选择标准使得传统分选方法不可能实现的分离，从而引起了生物和制药科学的广泛兴趣。