The first century of phytosanitary risk management relied on trade restrictive fixed-point mitigation aimed at preventing entry of pests at the port-of-entry. The SPS Agreement in 1994 accelerated the evolution of trade liberalization through risk management with its risk orientation that lead to the IPPC's system approaches. System approaches have shown the promise of safe trade through an expanded continuum of risk management measures. The logical end state for stakeholders to international trade in plant and plant products is an integrated-holistic approach. This would include integrating the three current risk management silos (importers, NPPOs, exporters) across the entire supply chain and considering the effectiveness of all risk management measures taken, at any point in the supply chain whether voluntary or required. This will expand the risk manager's toolbox significantly, providing finer levels of granularity of control of invasive pests, and expanded trade at reduced costs. It will also require rather revolutionary collaboration between government and industry.

植物检疫风险管理的第一个世纪依赖于贸易限制性定点缓解措施，旨在防止有害生物在入境口岸进入。1994 年的 SPS 协议通过风险管理加速了贸易自由化的发展，其风险导向导致了 IPPC 的系统方法。系统方法通过扩大风险管理措施的连续性显示了安全贸易的前景。利益相关者参与植物和植物产品国际贸易的合乎逻辑的最终状态是一种综合的整体方法。这将包括在整个供应链中整合当前的三个风险管理孤岛（进口商、国家植保机构、出口商），并考虑在供应链的任何环节采取的所有风险管理措施的有效性，无论是自愿的还是需要的。这将显着扩展风险管理人员的工具箱，提供更精细的入侵害虫控制粒度，并以更低的成本扩大贸易。它还需要政府和行业之间相当具有革命性的合作。