ABSTRACT

Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic process across anxiety, depression, and eating disorders. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the efficacy of self-help and face to face CBT for perfectionism in reducing perfectionism and anxiety, depression, and eating disorders. A total of 15 randomised controlled trials of CBT for perfectionism were identified (N = 912 participants; mean pooled age = 23 years) which met inclusion criteria. There were medium or large effect sizes found on perfectionism measures; personal standards (g = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.43–0.72), concern over mistakes (g = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.71–1.08) and clinical perfectionism (g = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.70–1.04). There were medium effects for symptoms of eating disorders (g = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.36–0.87) and depression (g = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.28–0.91), and a small-medium effect on anxiety (g = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.21–0.62). There was no publication bias found. Limitations included the small number of trials included and lack of active treatment comparisons. Results suggested that CBT for perfectionism is efficacious in reducing perfectionism and symptoms of depression, anxiety and eating disorders. Future research should examine comparisons of CBT for perfectionism with other psychological treatments.

摘要

完美主义是一个跨越焦虑、抑郁和饮食失调的跨诊断过程。本系统评价的目的是检验自助和面对面 CBT 对完美主义在减少完美主义和焦虑、抑郁和饮食失调方面的功效。共确定了 15 项针对完美主义的 CBT 随机对照试验（N = 912 名参与者；平均合并年龄 = 23 岁），符合纳入标准。在完美主义测量中发现了中等或较大的影响大小；个人标准（g = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.43–0.72），对错误的关注（g = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.71–1.08）和临床完美主义（g = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.70–1.04）。饮食失调的症状有中等影响（g = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.36–0.87) 和抑郁 ( g = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.28–0.91)，对焦虑有中小影响 ( g = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.21–0.62)。未发现发表偏倚。局限性包括纳入的试验数量少和缺乏积极的治疗比较。结果表明，针对完美主义的 CBT 可有效减少完美主义以及抑郁、焦虑和饮食失调的症状。未来的研究应该检查 CBT 与其他心理治疗的完美主义比较。