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How to use the Delphi method to aid in decision making and build consensus in pharmacy education
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning Pub Date : 2021-08-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.07.018
Amanda A Olsen 1 , Michael D Wolcott 2 , Stuart T Haines 3 , Kristin K Janke 4 , Jacqueline E McLaughlin 5
Affiliation  

Our situation

As pharmacy educators, we often encounter situations such as designing new curricula or establishing shared values for an organization that may be ambiguous or controversial. To generate effective solutions, it is often necessary to build group consensus with key stakeholders. The purpose of this paper is to describe and provide recommendations for using the Delphi method, a process for facilitating discussions and aiding in decision making.

Methodological literature review

An overview of the Delphi method, including its multiple variations, is presented. Steps necessary to complete a Delphi study (building a protocol, developing a research question, defining panelists and panel size, piloting the protocol, round one item creation and analysis, round two and beyond, consensus, increasing clarity, and reporting) is described.

Our recommendations and their application(s)

Practical recommendations are provided to support use the Delphi method to build consensus in research. These recommendations include: (1) clarify the purpose of the Delphi, (2) ensure the research questions are grounded in the literature and are relevant, (3) carefully consider panelist processes, (4) determine any definitions that should be given to or developed by panelists, (5) determine methods for enhancing clarity, and (6) employ methods to reduce attrition.

Potential impact

The Delphi method provides a systematic approach to generating consensus in pharmacy education for commonly encountered situations such as committee meetings, research studies, faculty retreats, classroom activities, and lab meetings.



中文翻译:

如何在药学教育中使用德尔菲法辅助决策和建立共识

我们的情况

作为药学教育工作者,我们经常会遇到一些情况,例如为可能模棱两可或有争议的组织设计新课程或建立共同价值观。为了产生有效的解决方案,通常需要与主要利益相关者建立群体共识。本文的目的是描述和提供使用 Delphi 方法的建议,这是一个促进讨论和辅助决策的过程。

方法论文献综述

介绍了 Delphi 方法的概述,包括其多种变体。描述了完成 Delphi 研究所需的步骤(建立协议、制定研究问题、定义小组成员和小组规模、试验协议、第一轮项目创建和分析、第二轮及以后、共识、提高清晰度和报告)。

我们的建议及其应用

提供了实用的建议以支持使用 Delphi 方法在研究中建立共识。这些建议包括:(1) 阐明 Delphi 的目的,(2) 确保研究问题以文献为基础并且是相关的,(3) 仔细考虑小组成员过程,(4) 确定应给予或由小组成员开发,(5) 确定提高清晰度的方法,以及 (6) 采用减少磨损的方法。

潜在影响

Delphi 方法提供了一种系统的方法来在药学教育中为常见的情况(例如委员会会议、研究研究、教师静修、课堂活动和实验室会议)达成共识。

更新日期:2021-09-12
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