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Vibrational spectroscopy and multivariate analysis techniques in the clinical immunology laboratory: a review of current applications and requirements for diagnostic use
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-04 , DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1958337
Emma L. Callery 1 , Anthony W. Rowbottom 1, 2
Affiliation  

Abstract

Laboratory tests are essential for clinicians to reach an accurate diagnosis and informing appropriate treatments. The expansion in the use of immunotherapies has highlighted the gap between the knowledge of molecular pathways and targeted therapies with availability of laboratory tests. The translation of vibrational spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy into clinical practice offer rapid-, noninvasive and inexpensive methods to obtain information on the molecular composition of biological samples. Advances in instrumentation, data analysis and machine learning techniques are key developments that have permitted the availability of results to clinicians in an appropriate timescale. Immunological disorders are complex, often demonstrating interaction across multiple molecular pathways which results in delayed diagnosis. Vibrational spectroscopy is being applied in many fields and here we present a review of its potential use in clinical immunology. This review addresses the potential use of spectroscopy in clinical immunology. Potential benefits that these novel techniques offer, including enhanced definition of molecular process and its use in disease diagnosis, monitoring and treatment response is discussed. Whilst not covered extensively, an overview of the method principle, quality control processes, and the requirements for multivariate data analysis is included to provide the reader with sufficient understanding of its application in the clinical setting.



中文翻译:

临床免疫学实验室中的振动光谱和多变量分析技术:对当前应用和诊断用途要求的回顾

摘要

实验室测试对于临床医生做出准确诊断和告知适当的治疗方法至关重要。免疫疗法使用的扩大突出了分子途径知识与靶向疗法与实验室测试可用性之间的差距。将傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱和拉曼光谱等振动光谱技术转化为临床实践提供了快速、无创和廉价的方法来获取有关生物样品分子组成的信息。仪器、数据分析和机器学习技术的进步是使临床医生能够在适当的时间范围内获得结果的关键发展。免疫系统疾病很复杂,通常表现出跨多个分子途径的相互作用,从而导致诊断延迟。振动光谱学正在应用于许多领域,在这里我们对其在临床免疫学中的潜在用途进行综述。本综述探讨了光谱学在临床免疫学中的潜在用途。讨论了这些新技术提供的潜在好处,包括增强分子过程的定义及其在疾病诊断、监测和治疗反应中的用途。虽然没有广泛涵盖,但包括对方法原理、质量控制过程和多变量数据分析要求的概述,以使读者充分了解其在临床环境中的应用。振动光谱学正在应用于许多领域,在这里我们对其在临床免疫学中的潜在用途进行综述。本综述探讨了光谱学在临床免疫学中的潜在用途。讨论了这些新技术提供的潜在好处,包括增强分子过程的定义及其在疾病诊断、监测和治疗反应中的用途。虽然没有广泛涵盖,但包括对方法原理、质量控制过程和多变量数据分析要求的概述,以使读者充分了解其在临床环境中的应用。振动光谱学正在应用于许多领域,在这里我们对其在临床免疫学中的潜在用途进行综述。本综述探讨了光谱学在临床免疫学中的潜在用途。讨论了这些新技术提供的潜在好处,包括增强分子过程的定义及其在疾病诊断、监测和治疗反应中的用途。虽然没有广泛涵盖,但包括对方法原理、质量控制过程和多变量数据分析要求的概述,以使读者充分了解其在临床环境中的应用。讨论了分子过程的增强定义及其在疾病诊断、监测和治疗反应中的应用。虽然没有广泛涵盖,但包括对方法原理、质量控制过程和多变量数据分析要求的概述,以使读者充分了解其在临床环境中的应用。讨论了分子过程的增强定义及其在疾病诊断、监测和治疗反应中的应用。虽然没有广泛涵盖,但包括对方法原理、质量控制过程和多变量数据分析要求的概述,以使读者充分了解其在临床环境中的应用。

更新日期:2021-08-04
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