Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are epithelial neoplasms with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation that arise in most organs of the body. Mediastinal NETs are very rare, and account for no more than 5% of all mediastinal tumors. R0 surgery represents the milestone of treatment. Here, we describe a case of a locally advanced primary atypical carcinoid of the mediastinum. This was initially considered inoperable due to infiltration of a great vessel and was successfully resected after neoadjuvant treatment as a result of very extensive surgery. Only through an accurate preoperative diagnosis and good radiological planning is it possible to obtain satisfactory oncological results.

中文翻译：

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局部晚期原发性纵隔非典型类癌新辅助治疗成功切除一例报告

神经内分泌肿瘤 (NETs) 是一种上皮性肿瘤，具有主要的神经内分泌分化，出现在身体的大多数器官中。纵隔 NET 非常罕见，占所有纵隔肿瘤的比例不超过 5%。R0手术代表了治疗的里程碑。在这里，我们描述了一例局部晚期原发性非典型纵隔类癌。由于大血管浸润，最初被认为无法手术，并且由于非常广泛的手术，在新辅助治疗后成功切除。只有通过准确的术前诊断和良好的放射学计划，才有可能获得满意的肿瘤学结果。