White lupin is an old crop with renewed interest due to its seed high protein content and high nutritional value. Despite a long domestication history in the Mediterranean basin, modern breeding efforts have been fairly scarce. Recent sequencing of its genome has provided tools for further description of genetic resources but detailed characterization of genomic diversity is still missing. Here, we report the genome sequencing of 39 accessions that were used to establish a white lupin pangenome. We defined 32 068 core genes that are present in all individuals and 14 822 that are absent in some and may represent a gene pool for breeding for improved productivity, grain quality, and stress adaptation. We used this new pangenome resource to identify candidate genes for alkaloid synthesis, a key grain quality trait. The white lupin pangenome provides a novel genetic resource to better understand how domestication has shaped the genomic variability within this crop. Thus, this pangenome resource is an important step towards the effective and efficient genetic improvement of white lupin to help meet the rapidly growing demand for plant protein sources for human and animal consumption.

中文翻译：

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白羽扇豆的泛基因组提供了对该物种多样性的见解

白羽扇豆是一种古老的作物，由于其种子的高蛋白质含量和高营养价值而重新引起人们的兴趣。尽管在地中海盆地有很长的驯化历史，但现代育种工作相当稀缺。最近对其基因组的测序为进一步描述遗传资源提供了工具，但仍然缺少基因组多样性的详细表征。在这里，我们报告了用于建立白羽扇豆泛基因组的 39 个种质的基因组测序。我们定义了所有个体中都存在的 32 068 个核心基因和一些个体中不存在的 14 822 个核心基因，这些基因可能代表了用于提高生产力、谷物质量和压力适应的育种基因库。我们使用这种新的泛基因组资源来鉴定生物碱合成的候选基因，这是一种关键的谷物品质性状。白羽扇豆泛基因组提供了一种新的遗传资源，可以更好地了解驯化如何塑造这种作物的基因组变异性。因此，这种泛基因组资源是朝着有效和高效的白羽扇豆遗传改良迈出的重要一步，有助于满足人类和动物消费对植物蛋白来源快速增长的需求。