Ferrimagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) iron oxide particles are considered pedogenic and climatic indicators due to their enrichment with comparable increasing in rainfall and temperature. However, the opposite changes in rainfall and temperature result in rapid change of relative humidity (RH), which could lead to their competition and transformation. We examined two soil sequences which have undergone contrary climate development on the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Dry and warm climate with low RH favors the coordinative enrichment of AFM hematite and FM particles, while wet and cool climate with high RH mainly produces goethite but leads to competition between low content AFM hematite and FM particles. The outcome well interprets the changing relationship between color and magnetism in soils and sediments, and suggests that temperature is as important as precipitation in paleoclimate reconstruction based on iron oxides, especially during strong dry-wet cycles and climate pattern shifts.

中文翻译：

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逆向气候发展驱动的土壤磁粉协同竞争形成

亚铁磁性 (FM) 和反铁磁性 (AFM) 氧化铁颗粒被认为是土壤成因和气候指标，因为它们随着降雨和温度的增加而富集。然而，降雨和温度的相反变化导致相对湿度（RH）的快速变化，这可能导致它们的竞争和转化。我们研究了青藏高原东部边缘经历了相反气候发展的两个土壤序列。低相对湿度的干燥温暖气候有利于AFM赤铁矿和FM颗粒的协同富集，而高相对湿度的潮湿凉爽气候主要产生针铁矿，但导致低含量AFM赤铁矿和FM颗粒之间的竞争。结果很好地解释了土壤和沉积物中颜色和磁性之间的变化关系，