There is accumulating evidence showing that exercise therapy may play an active role in peripheral neuropathic pain (NP), but its mechanism is still unclear. Studies have found that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play a role in NP by regulating pain-related target genes. Therefore, we aimed to explore the changes of miRNA and mRNA of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) after NP in response to exercise with transcriptome technology. The chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was established, and rats were randomly allocated into three groups, namely, the sham-operated, CCI, and CCI-exercised groups. L4-L6 DRG tissue was taken for RNA-sequencing, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined through bioinformatics analysis. Real-time PCR was used to confirm the accuracy. A total of 4 overlapping differentially expressed miRNAs and 186 overlapping differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the two comparisons of the sham-operated group versus the CCI group and the CCI group versus the CCI-exercised group. Among these DEGs, miR-145-5p, miR-341, miR-300-5p, miR-653-5p, Atf3, Cacna2d1, Gal, and Ctss related to NP were validated by real-time PCR. DEGs between the CCI and CCI-exercised groups were enriched in HIF-1 signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, and neurotrophin signaling pathway. This study provides an understanding of the adaptive mechanisms after exercise of NP, and these DEGs in DRG might play a role in NP by stimulating the enriched pathways.

中文翻译：

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比较转录组分析揭示了神经性疼痛大鼠运动中 microRNA 反应的变化

越来越多的证据表明，运动疗法可能在周围神经性疼痛（NP）中发挥积极作用，但其机制仍不清楚。研究发现，microRNAs (miRNAs) 可能通过调节疼痛相关的靶基因在 NP 中发挥作用。因此，我们旨在利用转录组技术探索 NP 后背根神经节 (DRG) 的 miRNA 和 mRNA 响应运动的变化。建立慢性缩窄性损伤(CCI)模型，将大鼠随机分为3组，即假手术组、CCI组和CCI运动组。取L4-L6 DRG组织进行RNA测序，通过生物信息学分析确定差异表达基因（DEGs）。实时荧光定量 PCR 用于确认准确性。在假手术组与 CCI 组和 CCI 组与 CCI 运动组的两次比较中，共鉴定出 4 个重叠的差异表达 miRNA 和 186 个重叠的差异表达 mRNA。在这些DEG中，与NP相关的miR-145-5p、miR-341、miR-300-5p、miR-653-5p、Atf3、Cacna2d1、Gal和Ctss通过实时PCR验证。CCI 和 CCI 运动组之间的 DEGs 富含 HIF-1 信号通路、Rap1 信号通路和神经营养因子信号通路。本研究提供了对 NP 运动后适应性机制的理解，DRG 中的这些 DEG 可能通过刺激丰富的途径在 NP 中发挥作用。