Abstract—

Up to now, ability of prokaryotes to grow on lipids has been shown only for bacteria. Thermococcus sibiricus, member of the phylum Euryarchaeota isolated from a high-temperature oil well and capable of growth on olive oil, is the only exception. The present work reports isolation of a pure culture of a strictly anaerobic archaeon, strain 3639Fd (=VKM B-3509, =KCTC 25228) from a Kamchatka thermal spring, capable of growth on various lipids (tributyrin, triolein, and sesame, cottonseed, and sunflower oil) at 70°C and pH 5.5–6.0. Growth on tributyrin resulted in formation of butyrate, CO₂, and hydrogen. According to the results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization, the isolate was classified as a strain of Fervidicoccus fontis, an archaeon of the phylum Crenarchaeota. The closest characterized homologs of the α/β-hydrolases, encoded in the genomes of F. fontis 3639Fd and of the type strain of this species, Kam940^T, were various carboxyl esterases (EC 3.1.1), the enzymes responsible for lipid hydrolysis. Thus, F. fontis is the first crenarchaeon able to obtain energy by hydrolysis of lipid substrates.

中文翻译：

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Fervidicoccus fontis Strain 3639Fd，第一个能够在脂质上生长的Crenarchaeon

摘要——

迄今为止，原核生物在脂质上生长的能力仅对细菌显示。西伯利亚热球菌是从高温油井中分离出的Euryarchaeota门的成员，能够在橄榄油中生长，是唯一的例外。目前的工作报告了从堪察加温泉分离出严格厌氧古菌的纯培养物，菌株 3639Fd（=VKM B-3509，=KCTC 25228），能够在各种脂质（三丁酸甘油酯、甘油三油酸酯和芝麻、棉籽、和葵花籽油）在 70°C 和 pH 值 5.5-6.0。在三丁酸甘油酯上的生长导致丁酸盐、CO ₂和氢气的形成。根据 16S rRNA 基因序列分析结果和in silicoDNA-DNA 杂交，分离物被归类为Fervidicoccus fontis菌株，一种Crenarchaeota门的古菌。在F. fontis 3639Fd 和该物种的典型菌株 Kam940 ^T的基因组中编码的 α/β-水解酶的特征最接近的同源物是各种羧基酯酶 (EC 3.1.1)，这些酶负责脂质水解. 因此，F. fontis是第一个能够通过脂质底物水解获得能量的 crenarchaeon。