The MagAO-X instrument is an extreme adaptive optics system for high-contrast imaging at visible- and near-infrared wavelengths on the Magellan Clay Telescope. A central component of this system is a 2040-actuator microelectromechanical deformable mirror (DM) from Boston Micromachines Corp. that operates at 3.63 kHz for high-order wavefront control (the tweeter). Two additional DMs from ALPAO perform the low-order (the woofer) and non-common-path science-arm wavefront correction (the NCPC DM). Prior to integration with the instrument, we characterized these devices using a Zygo Verifire Interferometer to measure each DM surface. We present the results of the characterization effort here, demonstrating the ability to drive the tweeter to a flat of 6.9 nm root-mean-square (RMS) surface (and 0.56 nm RMS surface within its control bandwidth), the woofer to 2.2-nm RMS surface, and the NCPC DM to 2.1-nm RMS surface over the MagAO-X beam footprint on each device. Using focus-diversity phase retrieval on the MagAO-X science cameras to estimate the internal instrument wavefront error, we further show that the integrated DMs correct the instrument WFE to 18.7 nm RMS, which, combined with a 11.7% pupil amplitude RMS, produces a Strehl ratio of 0.94 at Hα.

中文翻译：

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表征 MagAO-X 仪器的可变形反射镜

MagAO-X 仪器是一种极端自适应光学系统，用于在麦哲伦粘土望远镜上以可见光和近红外波长进行高对比度成像。该系统的核心组件是来自波士顿微机械公司的 2040 致动器微机电可变形反射镜 (DM)，它以 3.63 kHz 的频率运行，用于高阶波前控制（高音扬声器）。来自 ALPAO 的另外两个 DM 执行低阶（低音扬声器）和非公共路径科学臂波前校正（NCPC DM）。在与仪器集成之前，我们使用 Zygo Verifire 干涉仪测量每个 DM 表面来表征这些设备。我们在此展示了表征工作的结果，展示了将高音扬声器驱动到 6.9 nm 均方根 (RMS) 表面（以及其控制带宽内的 0.56 nm RMS 表面）的能力，低音扬声器到 2.2-nm RMS 表面，NCPC DM 到 2.1-nm RMS 表面，每个设备上的 MagAO-X 光束足迹。使用 MagAO-X 科学相机上的焦点分集相位检索来估计内部仪器波前误差，我们进一步表明，集成的 DM 将仪器 WFE 校正为 18.7 nm RMS，结合 11.7% 瞳孔振幅 RMS，产生一个Hα 下的 Strehl 比率为 0.94。