Most existing food deserts/swamps studies adopted non-spatial approaches,overlooking the role of spatial dependence in the associations between food access and socioeconomic status. This study aims to fill the gap by examining this relationship with a spatial perspective. Using Austin, Tx as a case study, we adopted a multi-mode Huff-based 2SFCA method to measure the spatial access to food stores. Eight socioeconomic variables were represented by two indices per factor analysis:Economic Deprivation Index (EDI) and Sociocultural Deprivation Index (SDI). We proposed a SAR-Gi* model to characterize food deserts/swamps in Austin. Our analyses reveal that EDI is a significant predictor for access to healthy food (β = -0.054, p = 0.037), and SDI is significantly associated with access to unhealthy food (β= 0.160, p = 0.000). We also found that food deserts and swamps in Austin are concentrated in the east and northeast of Austin, respectively. The noticeable difference between the spatial patterns of food deserts and food swamps as identified by our study and those based on the USDA definition or other traditional methods speaks to the great potential of the SAR-Gi* model in reflecting geographical patterns and relations embedded in food access and socioeconomic status of neighborhoods.

大多数现有的食物沙漠/沼泽研究采用非空间方法，忽略了空间依赖性在食物获取与社会经济地位之间关联中的作用。本研究旨在通过从空间角度研究这种关系来填补这一空白。以德克萨斯州奥斯汀市为例，我们采用了基于 Huff 的多模式 2SFCA 方法来衡量食品商店的空间访问。八个社会经济变量由每个因素分析的两个指数表示：经济剥夺指数 (EDI) 和社会文化剥夺指数 (SDI)。我们提出了一个 SAR-Gi* 模型来表征奥斯汀的食物沙漠/沼泽。我们的分析表明，EDI 是获取健康食品的重要预测因子（β = -0.054，p = 0.037），而 SDI 与获取不健康食品（β= 0.160，p = 0.000）显着相关。我们还发现奥斯汀的食物沙漠和沼泽分别集中在奥斯汀的东部和东北部。我们的研究确定的食物沙漠和食物沼泽的空间模式与基于美国农业部定义或其他传统方法的空间模式之间的显着差异说明了 SAR-Gi* 模型在反映食物中嵌入的地理模式和关系方面的巨大潜力社区的可及性和社会经济地位。