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The role of deprivation and alcohol availability in shaping trends in violent crime
European Journal of Criminology ( IF 1.752 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-02 , DOI: 10.1177/14773708211036081
Carly Lightowlers 1 , Jose Pina-Sánchez 2 , Fiona McLaughlin 3
Affiliation  

It is well known that both deprivation and alcohol availability are associated with violent crime. However, less is known about whether the former moderates the latter. Pioneering the linkage of novel alcohol availability measures derived from consumer data with police data and an index of deprivation, we examine inequalities in violent crime across small-level geography (LSOAs) for the whole of England. Our findings confirmed a recent upward trend in recorded violent crime in England between 2011 and 2018 and substantial between-area variability in recorded violent crime, as well as an increase in violent crime inequality across LSOAs during the period of analysis. Violent crime was higher in areas with increased deprivation and alcohol availability, especially in the form of on-licensed premises. On-licence availability, in the form of pubs, bars and nightclubs, explained variability in recorded violent crime more so when compared with off-licence availability. A positive interaction effect between alcohol availability (in the form of on-licensed premises) and deprivation showed how deprivation amplified the impact of alcohol availability, with more deprived areas having a stronger impact of on-licence availability on violent crime. Deprivation is thus an important contextual factor when considering rates and the social ecology of violence. Our findings suggest a need to respond to the disproportionate impact of violence on areas with higher levels of deprivation and availability of on-licensed premises.



中文翻译:

剥夺和酒精供应在塑造暴力犯罪趋势中的作用

众所周知,剥夺和酒精供应都与暴力犯罪有关。然而,关于前者是否会缓和后者的情况知之甚少。开创性地将源自消费者数据的新型酒精供应量指标与警方数据和剥夺指数联系起来,我们研究了整个英格兰小范围地域 (LSOA) 中暴力犯罪的不平等。我们的研究结果证实了 2011 年至 2018 年英格兰记录的暴力犯罪最近呈上升趋势,记录的暴力犯罪在地区之间存在很大差异,以及分析期间各 LSOA 的暴力犯罪不平等加剧。在剥夺和酒精供应增加的地区,暴力犯罪率更高,尤其是在有执照的场所。以酒吧的形式提供许可证,酒吧和夜总会更能解释记录的暴力犯罪的可变性,与无执照的可用性相比。酒精供应(以持牌场所的形式)和剥夺之间的积极互动效应表明,剥夺如何放大酒精供应的影响,越贫困的地区对暴力犯罪的获得许可的影响越大。因此,在考虑暴力的比率和社会生态时,剥夺是一个重要的背景因素。我们的研究结果表明,有必要应对暴力对持牌场所匮乏和可用性更高的地区造成的不成比例的影响。酒精供应(以持牌场所的形式)和剥夺之间的积极互动效应表明,剥夺如何放大酒精供应的影响,越贫困的地区对暴力犯罪的获得许可的影响越大。因此,在考虑暴力的比率和社会生态时,剥夺是一个重要的背景因素。我们的研究结果表明,有必要应对暴力对持牌场所匮乏和可用性更高的地区造成的不成比例的影响。酒精供应(以持牌场所的形式)和剥夺之间的积极互动效应表明,剥夺如何放大酒精供应的影响,越贫困的地区对暴力犯罪的获得许可的影响越大。因此,在考虑暴力的比率和社会生态时,剥夺是一个重要的背景因素。我们的研究结果表明,有必要应对暴力对持牌场所匮乏和可用性更高的地区造成的不成比例的影响。因此,在考虑暴力的比率和社会生态时,剥夺是一个重要的背景因素。我们的研究结果表明,有必要应对暴力对持牌场所匮乏和可用性更高的地区造成的不成比例的影响。因此,在考虑暴力的比率和社会生态时,剥夺是一个重要的背景因素。我们的研究结果表明,有必要应对暴力对持牌场所匮乏和可用性更高的地区造成的不成比例的影响。

更新日期:2021-08-02
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