Zn anodes suffer from poor Coulombic efficiency (CE) and serious dendrite formation due to the unstable anode/electrolyte interface (AEI). The electrical double layer (EDL) structure formed before cycling is of great significance for building stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Zn surface but barely discussed in previous research about the stabilization of Zn anode. Herein, saccharin (Sac) is introduced as electrolyte additive for regulating the EDL structure on the AEI. It is found that Sac derived anions are preferentially adsorbed on the Zn metal surface instead of water dipole, creating a new H₂O-poor EDL structure. Moreover, the unique SEI is also detected on the Zn surface due to the decomposition of Sac anions. Both are proved to be capable of modulating Zn deposition behavior and preventing side reactions. Encouragingly, Zn|Zn symmetric cells using Sac additive deliver a high cumulative plated capacity of 2.75 Ah cm⁻² and a high average CE of 99.6% under harsh test condition (10 mA cm⁻², 10 mAh cm⁻²). The excellent stability is also achieved at a high rate of 40 mA cm⁻². The effectiveness of this Sac additive is further demonstrated in the Zn-MnO₂ full cells.

中文翻译：

---

通过用糖精阴离子调节双电层来稳定锌阳极

由于不稳定的阳极/电解质界面（AEI），锌阳极的库仑效率（CE）和枝晶形成严重。循环前形成的双电层（EDL）结构对于在锌表面构建稳定的固体电解质界面（SEI）具有重要意义，但在先前关于锌负极稳定性的研究中很少讨论。在此，糖精（Sac）作为电解质添加剂被引入以调节 AEI 上的 EDL 结构。发现 Sac 衍生的阴离子优先吸附在 Zn 金属表面而不是水偶极子上，产生了新的 H ₂O 差的 EDL 结构。此外，由于 Sac 阴离子的分解，在 Zn 表面也检测到了独特的 SEI。两者都被证明能够调节锌沉积行为并防止副反应。令人鼓舞的是，使用 Sac 添加剂的 Zn|Zn 对称电池在苛刻的测试条件下（10 mA cm ^-2、10 mAh cm ^-2）提供了 2.75 Ah cm ^-2的高累积电镀容量和 99.6% 的高平均 CE 。在40 mA cm ^-2的高速率下也实现了优异的稳定性。这种 Sac 添加剂的有效性在 Zn-MnO ₂全电池中得到进一步证明。