ABSTRACT

In modern pear growing, quince and pear clonal rootstocks are used instead of pear seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different quince and pear rootstocks on the graft success and the stion (scion+rootstock) growth performance of some pear cultivars/genotypes. In the study, quince (Quince BA 29, Quince A and Quince MC), pear (OHxF 333, Fox 11, Farold 40) clones and pear seedlings were grafted in two standard (Deveci and Williams) and 11 local (‘Bardak,’ ‘Dalkıran,’ ‘Eşek,’ ‘İstanbul,’ ‘Kara,’ ‘Karga,’ ‘Karpuz,’ ‘Kış,’ ‘Sarıkum,’ ‘Tefenc’ and ‘Yaz Ziraati’) promising pear cultivars were used. Significant differences were observed in both rootstocks and varieties in terms of graft success and plant development in the study. The graft take, sprout and survival ratios were higher in pear rootstocks than in the quince rootstocks. While the highest graft survival ratio was observed in Fox 11, the lowest was in the BA 29 quince rootstock. The highest graft sprout and graft survival ratio were in ‘Deveci,’ the lowest in ‘Williams,’ ‘Bardak’ and ‘Kış’ varieties. While the highest shoot lengths and highest diameters were detected in the pear seedling, the lowest were in the MC rootstock. While the longest shoots were observed in ‘Kara,’ the thickest shoots were observed in ‘Eşek’ genotypes. As a result of this study, it was determined that the 13 pear cultivars/genotypes grafted on different rootstocks were sufficient in terms of graft success and stion growth performances and it was found that stion of sufficient quality could be grown in the field condition.

摘要

在现代梨种植中，使用木瓜和梨无性系砧木代替梨苗。本研究旨在评估不同木瓜和梨砧木对某些梨品种/基因型嫁接成功和接穗（接穗+砧木）生长性能的影响。在该研究中，木瓜（Quince BA 29、Quince A 和 Quince MC）、梨（OHxF 333、Fox 11、Farold 40）克隆和梨幼苗嫁接在两个标准（Deveci 和 Williams）和 11 个本地（'Bardak，'使用了“Dalkıran”、“Eşek”、“İstanbul”、“Kara”、“Karga”、“Karpuz”、“Kış”、“Sarıkum”、“Tefenc”和“Yaz Ziraati”）有前途的梨品种。在研究中，砧木和品种在嫁接成功和植物发育方面均存在显着差异。梨砧木的嫁接、发芽和成活率高于木瓜砧木。虽然在 Fox 11 中观察到最高的移植物存活率，但在 BA 29 木瓜砧木中最低。'Deveci' 的嫁接发芽率和嫁接成活率最高，'Williams'、'Bardak' 和 'Kış' 品种最低。虽然在梨幼苗中检测到最高的枝条长度和最高的直径，但最低的是在 MC 砧木中。虽然在“Kara”中观察到最长的枝条，但在“Eşek”基因型中观察到最粗的枝条。作为这项研究的结果，确定嫁接在不同砧木上的 13 个梨栽培品种/基因型在嫁接成功和枝条生长性能方面是足够的，并且发现在田间条件下可以生长出足够质量的枝条。'Deveci' 的嫁接发芽率和嫁接成活率最高，'Williams'、'Bardak' 和 'Kış' 品种最低。虽然在梨幼苗中检测到最高的枝条长度和最高的直径，但最低的是在 MC 砧木中。虽然在“Kara”中观察到最长的枝条，但在“Eşek”基因型中观察到最粗的枝条。作为这项研究的结果，确定嫁接在不同砧木上的 13 个梨栽培品种/基因型在嫁接成功和枝条生长性能方面是足够的，并且发现在田间条件下可以生长出足够质量的枝条。'Deveci' 的嫁接发芽率和嫁接成活率最高，'Williams'、'Bardak' 和 'Kış' 品种最低。虽然在梨幼苗中检测到最高的枝条长度和最高的直径，但最低的是在 MC 砧木中。虽然在 'Kara' 中观察到最长的枝条，但在 'Eşek' 基因型中观察到最粗的枝条。作为这项研究的结果，确定嫁接在不同砧木上的 13 个梨栽培品种/基因型在嫁接成功和枝条生长性能方面是足够的，并且发现在田间条件下可以生长出足够质量的枝条。最低的是 MC 砧木。虽然在“Kara”中观察到最长的枝条，但在“Eşek”基因型中观察到最粗的枝条。作为这项研究的结果，确定嫁接在不同砧木上的 13 个梨栽培品种/基因型在嫁接成功和枝条生长性能方面是足够的，并且发现在田间条件下可以生长出足够质量的枝条。最低的是 MC 砧木。虽然在“Kara”中观察到最长的枝条，但在“Eşek”基因型中观察到最粗的枝条。作为这项研究的结果，确定嫁接在不同砧木上的 13 个梨栽培品种/基因型在嫁接成功和枝条生长性能方面是足够的，并且发现在田间条件下可以生长出足够质量的枝条。