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Morpho-physio and anatomical characterization of the indigenous Himalayan crabapple: Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. (Rohru) and exotic Malus pumila Mill. for dwarfing traits
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s10722-021-01250-0
Chavlesh Kumar 1 , Sanjay Kumar Singh 1 , Mahendra Kumar Verma 1 , Manish Srivastav 1 , Kallol Kumar Pramanick 2 , Sukhdeep Kaur 3 , Rajeev Ranjan Kumar 4
Affiliation  

The wild Malus germplasm is considered as a gene reservoir for various biotic and abiotic stresses tolerance/resistance genes, including important novel horticultural traits. The dwarf vigour is considered an important trait in Malus for promoting high-density plantations and enhancing productivity. Thus, an indigenous and exotic wild Malus species collected in the apple field gene bank were evaluated for their dwarfing potential, based on the diverse traits like stomatal features, photosynthetic pigments and anatomical structures. Among different parameters, inter-nodal length, root bark percentage, palisade: spongy tissue thickness ratio, xylem: phloem ratio, wood: bark ratio, vessel diameter of stem cross-section and photosynthetic pigments exhibited significant variation between dwarf and vigorous Malus species. The indigenous Himalayan crabapple—Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. (Rohru) showed the shortest inter-nodal length (23.82 ± 1.08 mm), low root bark percentage (69.30 ± 0.37), low xylem: phloem ratio (0.43 ± 0.01), low wood: bark ratio (0.49 ± 0.07), smaller xylem vessel diameter (9.67 ± 0.40 µm), and higher palisade: spongy tissue thickness ratio (1.25 ± 0.04) than the vigorous counterparts. These parameters were comparatively at par with the known dwarfing rootstock M.9. The foliar photosynthetic pigments content was significantly higher in M. baccata (Rohru) compared to other studied Malus species. Furthermore, stomatal density showed much dependence on the size of stomata, specifically its length rather than the vigour of Malus genotypes. The study revealed that Malus baccata (Rohru) had several dwarfing attributes which were comparable to the dwarfing rootstock M.9 and thus could serve as an important genetic resource for the development of indigenous dwarfing rootstock.



中文翻译:

本土喜马拉雅海棠的形态生理学和解剖学特征:Malus baccata (L.) Borkh。(Rohru) 和异国情调的 Malus pumila Mill。矮化性状

野生苹果属种质被认为是各种生物和非生物胁迫耐受/抗性基因的基因库,包括重要的新园艺性状。矮生活力被认为是Malus促进高密度种植园和提高生产力的重要特征。因此,一种本土和异国情调的野生海棠根据气孔特征、光合色素和解剖结构等不同特征,对苹果田基因库中收集的物种的矮化潜力进行了评估。在不同的参数中,节间长度、根皮百分比、栅栏:海绵组织厚度比、木质部:韧皮部比、木材:树皮比、茎横截面血管直径和光合色素在矮化和有活力的苹果属物种之间表现出显着差异。本土的喜马拉雅海棠——Malus baccata(L.) 博克。(Rohru) 表现出最短的节间长度 (23.82 ± 1.08 mm),低根皮百分比 (69.30 ± 0.37),低木质部:韧皮部比率 (0.43 ± 0.01),低木材:树皮比率 (0.49 ± 0.07),较小木质部血管直径 (9.67 ± 0.40 µm) 和更高的栅栏: 海绵组织厚度比 (1.25 ± 0.04) 比有力的对应物。这些参数与已知的矮化砧木 M.9 相当。叶面光合色素含量显著高于山定子 相对于其他的研究(罗赫鲁) 苹果属 物种。此外,气孔密度显示出对气孔大小的很大依赖,特别是其长度而不是Malus 基因型的活力 。研究表明,海棠 (Rohru) 具有与矮化砧木 M.9 相当的几个矮化特性,因此可以作为开发本土矮化砧木的重要遗传资源。

更新日期:2021-08-02
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