Background

Adolescent sexual violence victimization is still less researched in countries within sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana.

Objectives

To estimate the 12-month prevalence of sexual violence victimization and describe the differences and commonalities in the associated factors between school-going boys and girls in urban Ghana.

Participants and setting

Students (n = 1692) aged 13–19 years attending Second Cycle Schools in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana participated in this study.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional survey involving the use of a self-report anonymous questionnaire. Items measuring sexual violence victimization and correlates were adopted from the 2012 WHO–Global School-based Student Health Survey. Data analysis involved bivariable and multivariable approaches.

Results

Overall, 17.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.7, 19.4) adolescents (males = 10.4% [95% CI 8.3, 13.6]; females = 24.3% [95% CI 21.5, 27.3]) reported sexual violence victimization during the previous 12 months. Girls (compared to boys) were nearly three times more likely to report sexual violence victimization (aOR = 2.74, 95% CI 2.01, 3.74, p < 0.001). Breakup, sexual minority status, and conflict with parents were uniquely associated with sexual violence victimization among females. Regardless of gender, adolescents who were in a romantic relationship (aOR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.19, 2.24, p = 0.002) and reported physical abuse victimization (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.36, 2.49, p < 0.001) were more likely to report sexual violence victimization.

Conclusions

The prevalence of sexual violence victimization among school-going adolescents in urban Ghana compares with estimates from sub-Saharan Africa, but also warrants the need for universal and targeted prevention regimes against the offence in both boys and girls.

中文翻译：

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男孩不应被忽视：加纳城市在校青少年的性暴力受害及相关因素

背景

在包括加纳在内的撒哈拉以南非洲国家，对青少年性暴力受害的研究仍然较少。

目标

估计 12 个月的性暴力受害流行率，并描述加纳城市上学男孩和女孩之间相关因素的差异和共性。

参与者和设置

加纳大阿克拉地区第二周期学校的 13-19 岁学生 (n = 1692) 参加了这项研究。

方法

这是一项涉及使用自我报告匿名问卷的横断面调查。衡量性暴力受害情况和相关性的项目取自 2012 年世卫组织全球学校学生健康调查。数据分析涉及双变量和多变量方法。

结果

总体而言，17.6%（95% 置信区间 [CI] 15.7, 19.4）青少年（男性 = 10.4% [95% CI 8.3, 13.6]；女性 = 24.3% [95% CI 21.5, 27.3]）报告在前 12 个月。女孩（与男孩相比）报告性暴力受害的可能性几乎是男孩的三倍（aOR = 2.74, 95% CI 2.01, 3.74, p  < 0.001）。分手、性少数群体身份以及与父母的冲突与女性的性暴力受害具有独特的关联。无论性别如何，处于恋爱关系中的青少年（aOR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.19, 2.24, p  = 0.002）和报告的身体虐待受害（aOR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.36, 2.49, p  < 0.001）更多可能报告性暴力受害情况。

结论

与撒哈拉以南非洲地区的估计值相比，加纳城市在校青少年中性暴力受害的流行率，但也证明需要针对男孩和女孩的犯罪建立普遍和有针对性的预防制度。