Journal of Natural Medicines ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01553-7 Miho Hirai 1 , Yue Ota 1 , Michiho Ito 1
In this study, we extracted essential oils from four species of plants with lemony scents (Melissa officinalis L., Aloysia citriodora Palau (= Lippia citriodora (Palau) Kunth), Thymus × citriodorus, Perilla citriodora (Makino) Nakai). We then examined the components of extracts using gas chromatography (GC) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A comparison of components indicated that the largest proportions of essential oils were caryophyllene (25%) in M. officinalis, geraniol (50%) in T. citriodorus, and citral (61 and 82%) in A. citriodora and P. citriodora. Moreover, we used a sensory evaluation method using dilute aqueous solutions of extract components, citral, linalool, d-limonene, and geraniol, to select the mixture with a flavor that mostly resembled lemon. The participants in the study felt that an aqueous citral solution flavored more like lemon than aqueous d-limonene. Furthermore, an open field study of sedative effects of citral and d-limonene, when inhaled, on mice demonstrated that citral exhibited a sedative effect at a lower concentration than that of d-limonene.
中文翻译:
具有柠檬香味的植物主要成分的多样性和柠檬醛的优势
在这项研究中,我们从四种具有柠檬香味的植物中提取了精油(Melissa officinalis L.、Aloysia citriodora Palau(= Lippia citriodora (Palau) Kunth)、Thymus × citriodorus、Perilla citriodora (Makino) Nakai)。然后,我们使用气相色谱法 (GC) 和 GC-质谱法 (GC-MS) 检查了提取物的成分。成分比较表明,最大比例的精油是M. officinalis中的石竹烯 (25 %)、T. citriodorus 中的香叶醇 (50%)和A. citriodora和P. citriodora 中的柠檬醛 (61% 和 82%). 此外,我们使用感官评价方法,使用提取物成分、柠檬醛、芳樟醇、d-柠檬烯和香叶醇的稀释水溶液,以选择具有最类似于柠檬风味的混合物。该研究的参与者认为柠檬醛水溶液的味道更像柠檬而不是d-柠檬烯水溶液。此外,一项关于柠檬醛和d-柠檬烯在吸入时对小鼠的镇静作用的野外研究表明,柠檬醛在低于d-柠檬烯的浓度下表现出镇静作用。