Neuromuscular control is critical for maintaining dynamic joint stability and mitigating the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Given the increased risk of ACL injury in females, sex-based differential muscle activation strategies are often associated with this risk. For example, the quadriceps-dominant muscle activation strategy sometimes observed in females has been discussed as a cause of their increased risk of ACL injury. However, there has been no synthesised knowledge on sex differences in muscle activation patterns associated with ACL injuries. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to synthesise sex differences in muscle activation patterns in movements associated with ACL injuries in both adult and adolescent populations. A systematic electronic database search was conducted. Thirty studies were included in the review. Females demonstrated higher pre- and post-landing activation of the quadriceps and lower activation of the hamstrings in 15 studies. Females also had higher quadriceps-to-hamstring co-contraction ratios during pre- and post-landing phases compared to their male counterparts in 4 of 9 studies that considered co-contraction. While some studies supported the quadriceps-dominant activation strategies in females, no consensus can be drawn due to methodological inconsistencies and limitations. Also, despite the importance of ACL injury prevention in children and adolescents, the evidence on sex difference in muscle activation patterns in this population is insufficient to draw meaningful conclusions.

神经肌肉控制对于维持动态关节稳定性和降低前交叉韧带 (ACL) 损伤的风险至关重要。鉴于女性 ACL 损伤的风险增加，基于性别的差异肌肉激活策略通常与这种风险相关。例如，有时在女性中观察到的股四头肌主导肌肉激活策略已被讨论为导致 ACL 损伤风险增加的原因。然而，还没有关于与 ACL 损伤相关的肌肉激活模式的性别差异的综合知识。因此，本综述的目的是综合成人和青少年人群与 ACL 损伤相关的运动中肌肉激活模式的性别差异。进行了系统的电子数据库搜索。该评价纳入了 30 项研究。在 15 项研究中，女性在着陆前和着陆后表现出较高的股四头肌激活和较低的腘绳肌激活。在考虑共同收缩的 9 项研究中，有 4 项研究表明，女性在着陆前和着陆后阶段的股四头肌与腘绳肌共同收缩比率高于男性。虽然一些研究支持女性股四头肌主导的激活策略，但由于方法论的不一致和局限性，无法达成共识。此外，尽管预防 ACL 损伤对儿童和青少年很重要，但该人群肌肉激活模式的性别差异的证据不足以得出有意义的结论。在考虑共同收缩的 9 项研究中，有 4 项研究表明，女性在着陆前和着陆后阶段的股四头肌与腘绳肌共同收缩比率高于男性。虽然一些研究支持女性股四头肌主导的激活策略，但由于方法论的不一致和局限性，无法达成共识。此外，尽管预防 ACL 损伤对儿童和青少年很重要，但该人群肌肉激活模式的性别差异的证据不足以得出有意义的结论。在考虑共同收缩的 9 项研究中，有 4 项研究表明，女性在着陆前和着陆后阶段的股四头肌与腘绳肌共同收缩比率高于男性。虽然一些研究支持女性股四头肌主导的激活策略，但由于方法论的不一致和局限性，无法达成共识。此外，尽管预防 ACL 损伤对儿童和青少年很重要，但该人群肌肉激活模式的性别差异的证据不足以得出有意义的结论。由于方法上的不一致和局限性，无法达成共识。此外，尽管预防 ACL 损伤对儿童和青少年很重要，但该人群肌肉激活模式的性别差异的证据不足以得出有意义的结论。由于方法上的不一致和局限性，无法达成共识。此外，尽管预防 ACL 损伤对儿童和青少年很重要，但该人群肌肉激活模式的性别差异的证据不足以得出有意义的结论。