Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), belonging to the Pangasiidae family, has become an economically important fish with wide cultivation in Southeast Asia. Owing to the high-fat trait, it is always considered as an oily fish. In our present study, a high-quality genome assembly of the striped catfish was generated by integration of Illumina short reads, Nanopore long reads and Hi-C data. A 731.7-Mb genome assembly was finally obtained, with a contig N50 of 3.5 Mb, a scaffold N50 of 29.5 Mb, and anchoring of 98.46% of the assembly onto 30 pseudochromosomes. The genome contained 36.9% repeat sequences, and a total 18,895 protein-coding genes were predicted. Interestingly, we identified a tandem triplication of fatty acid binding protein 1 gene (fabp1; thereby named as fabp1-1, fabp1-2 and fabp1-3 respectively), which may be related to the high fat content in striped catfish. Meanwhile, the FABP1-2 and -3 isoforms differed from FABP1-1 by several missense mutations including R126T, which may affect the fatty acid binding properties. In summary, we report a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the striped catfish, which provides a valuable genetic resource for biomedical studies on the high-fat trait, and lays a solid foundation for practical aquaculture and molecular breeding of this international teleost species.

条纹鲶鱼（Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ）隶属于鲶科，已成为东南亚广泛种植的重要经济鱼类。由于高脂肪的特性，它一直被认为是一种油性鱼类。在我们目前的研究中，通过整合 Illumina 短读取、纳米孔长读取和 Hi-C 数据，生成了条纹鲶鱼的高质量基因组组装。最终获得了一个 731.7-Mb 的基因组组装，contig N50 为 3.5 Mb，支架 N50 为 29.5 Mb，98.46% 的组装锚定在 30 条假染色体上。该基因组包含 36.9% 的重复序列，共预测了 18,895 个蛋白质编码基因。有趣的是，我们发现了脂肪酸结合蛋白 1 基因（fabp1; 从而分别命名为fabp1-1、fabp1-2和fabp1-3 ），这可能与条纹鲶鱼脂肪含量高有关。同时，FABP1-2 和-3 亚型与 FABP1-1 的不同之处在于包括 R126T 在内的几个错义突变，这可能会影响脂肪酸结合特性。综上所述，我们报道了一种高质量的条纹鲶染色体水平基因组组装，为高脂肪性状的生物医学研究提供了宝贵的遗传资源，为这种国际硬骨鱼的实际水产养殖和分子育种奠定了坚实的基础。物种。