A mission to view the solar poles from high helio-latitudes (above 60°) will build on the experience of Solar Orbiter as well as a long heritage of successful solar missions and instrumentation (e.g. SOHO Domingo et al. (Solar Phys. 162(1-2), 1–37 1995), STEREO Howard et al. (Space Sci. Rev. 136(1-4), 67–115 2008), Hinode Kosugi et al. (Solar Phys. 243(1), 3–17 2007), Pesnell et al. Solar Phys. 275(1–2), 3–15 2012), but will focus for the first time on the solar poles, enabling scientific investigations that cannot be done by any other mission. One of the major mysteries of the Sun is the solar cycle. The activity cycle of the Sun drives the structure and behaviour of the heliosphere and of course, the driver of space weather. In addition, solar activity and variability provides fluctuating input into the Earth climate models, and these same physical processes are applicable to stellar systems hosting exoplanets. One of the main obstructions to understanding the solar cycle, and hence all solar activity, is our current lack of understanding of the polar regions. In this White Paper, submitted to the European Space Agency in response to the Voyage 2050 call, we describe a mission concept that aims to address this fundamental issue. In parallel, we recognise that viewing the Sun from above the polar regions enables further scientific advantages, beyond those related to the solar cycle, such as unique and powerful studies of coronal mass ejection processes, from a global perspective, and studies of coronal structure and activity in polar regions. Not only will these provide important scientific advances for fundamental stellar physics research, they will feed into our understanding of impacts on the Earth and other planets’ space environment.

从太阳高纬度（60°以上）观察太阳极的任务将建立在太阳轨道器的经验以及成功的太阳任务和仪器的长期遗产基础上（例如 SOHO Domingo 等人（Solar Phys. 162 ( Solar Phys. 162)） 1-2), 1-37 1995), STEREO Howard et al. (Space Sci. Rev. 136 (1-4), 67-115 2008), Hinode Kosugi et al. (Solar Phys. 243 (1), 3 –17 2007)，Pesnell 等人，太阳物理学275(1–2), 3–15 2012)，但将首次关注太阳极，从而实现任何其他任务无法完成的科学研究。太阳的主要谜团之一是太阳周期。太阳的活动周期驱动着日光层的结构和行为，当然也是空间天气的驱动因素。此外，太阳活动和可变性为地球气候模型提供了波动的输入，这些相同的物理过程也适用于拥有系外行星的恒星系统。了解太阳周期以及所有太阳活动的主要障碍之一是我们目前对极地地区缺乏了解。在响应“航程 2050”号召而提交给欧洲航天局的这份白皮书中，我们描述了一个旨在解决这一基本问题的任务概念。与此同时，我们认识到，从极地上方观察太阳可以带来更多的科学优势，超越与太阳周期相关的优势，例如从全球角度对日冕物质抛射过程进行独特而有力的研究，以及对日冕结构和极地地区的活动。这些不仅将为基础恒星物理学研究提供重要的科学进步，还将有助于我们了解对地球和其他行星空间环境的影响。