Commercial polyethersulphone (PES) microfiltration (MF) membranes were modified with sulphuric acid, chitosan (CHS), and graphene oxide (GO) by the layer-by-layer self-assembly method via electrostatic interaction using a pressurized filtration system. The sulphonation of the PES MF membranes was achieved through the filtration of a 10 wt.% sulphuric acid solution. The negatively charged surface of the PES MF membrane allowed the interaction between amino groups present in CHS, and finally, the membrane substrate received a negatively charged layer through the filtration of a GO solution. Characterization analysis such as contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) proved that the membranes were successfully modified. The effect of CHS and GO masses were analyzed, the membrane that showed the best performance was MF CHS₁GO_0.5 with a rejection of 100% of the Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye, hydraulic permeability of 10.18 L/m² · h · bar, and flux recovery ratio of 71.21%. Also, this membrane was able to be reused in three cycles, maintaining a rejection of RB5 higher than 85% during the last cycle. Therefore, the study provides an interesting alternative for the removal of anionic dyes solubilized in water from the textile industry.

中文翻译：

---

聚醚砜微滤膜的逐层自组装用于染料去除和通量恢复改进

商用聚醚砜 (PES) 微滤 (MF) 膜通过使用加压过滤系统的静电相互作用通过逐层自组装方法用硫酸、壳聚糖 (CHS) 和氧化石墨烯 (GO) 进行改性。PES MF 膜的磺化是通过过滤 10 wt.% 的硫酸溶液来实现的。PES MF膜的带负电荷表面允许CHS中存在的氨基之间的相互作用，最后，膜基材通过GO溶液的过滤获得带负电荷的层。接触角、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱 (ATR-FTIR) 等表征分析证明该膜已成功改性。₁ GO _0.5，100 % 的活性黑 5 (RB5) 染料拒收，水力渗透率为 10.18 L/m ²  ·  h  ·  bar，通量回收率为 71.21%。此外，该膜能够在三个循环中重复使用，在最后一个循环中保持 RB5 的拒绝率高于 85%。因此，该研究为从纺织工业中去除溶解在水中的阴离子染料提供了一种有趣的替代方法。