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The Untrained Response of Pet Dogs to Human Epileptic Seizures
Animals ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-31 , DOI: 10.3390/ani11082267
Neil A Powell 1, 2 , Alastair Ruffell 3 , Gareth Arnott 1
Affiliation  

Epilepsy is a debilitating and potentially life-threatening neurological condition which affects approximately 65 million people worldwide. There is currently no reliable and simple early warning seizure-onset device available, which means many people with unstable epilepsy live in fear of injury or sudden death and the negative impact of social stigmatization. If anecdotal claims that untrained dogs anticipate seizures are found to be true, they could offer a simple and readily available early warning system. We hypothesized that, given the extraordinary olfactory ability of dogs, a volatile organic compound exhaled by the dog’s epileptic owner may constitute an early warning trigger mechanism to which make dogs react by owner-directed affiliative responses in the pre-seizure period. Using 19 pet dogs with no experience of epilepsy, we exposed them to odours that were deemed to be characteristic of three seizure phases, by using sweat harvested from people with epilepsy. The odours were delivered to a point immediately under a non-epileptic and seated pet dog owner’s thighs. By altering the alternating odours emerging from sweat samples, captured before seizure, during a seizure and after a seizure, and two nonseizure controls, we were able to record the response of the 19 pet dogs. Our findings suggest that seizures are associated with an odour and that dogs detect this odour and demonstrate a marked increase in affiliative behaviour directed at their owners. A characteristic response of all 19 dogs to seizure odour presentation was an intense stare which was statistically significant, (p < 0.0029), across the pre-seizure, seizure and post-seizure phases when compared to control odours of nonseizure origin.

中文翻译:

宠物狗对人类癫痫发作的未经训练的反应

癫痫是一种使人衰弱且可能危及生命的神经系统疾病,全世界约有 6500 万人受到影响。目前还没有可靠、简单的癫痫发作预警装置,这意味着许多不稳定癫痫患者生活在害怕受伤或猝死以及社会污名化的负面影响中。如果发现未经训练的狗预期癫痫发作的传闻是真的,它们可以提供一个简单且随时可用的预警系统。我们假设,鉴于狗的非凡嗅觉能力,狗的癫痫主人呼出的挥发性有机化合物可能构成一种预警触发机制,使狗在癫痫发作前通过主人定向的从属反应做出反应。使用 19 只没有癫痫病史的宠物狗,我们通过使用从癫痫患者身上收集的汗液让他们接触被认为是三个癫痫发作阶段特征的气味。气味被传递到一个非癫痫和坐着的宠物狗主人的大腿正下方。通过改变从汗液样本中产生的交替气味,在癫痫发作前、癫痫发作期间和癫痫发作后捕获,以及两个非癫痫对照,我们能够记录 19 只宠物狗的反应。我们的研究结果表明,癫痫发作与气味有关,狗会检测到这种气味,并表现出对主人的亲和行为显着增加。所有 19 只狗对癫痫发作气味的特征反应是强烈的凝视,具有统计学意义,(通过使用从癫痫患者身上获得的汗水。气味被传递到一个非癫痫和坐着的宠物狗主人的大腿正下方。通过改变从汗液样本中出现的交替气味,在癫痫发作前、癫痫发作期间和癫痫发作后捕获,以及两个非癫痫对照,我们能够记录 19 只宠物狗的反应。我们的研究结果表明,癫痫发作与气味有关,狗会检测到这种气味,并表现出对主人的亲和行为显着增加。所有 19 只狗对癫痫发作气味的特征反应是强烈的凝视,具有统计学意义,(通过使用从癫痫患者身上获得的汗水。气味被传递到一个非癫痫和坐着的宠物狗主人的大腿正下方。通过改变从汗液样本中产生的交替气味,在癫痫发作前、癫痫发作期间和癫痫发作后捕获,以及两个非癫痫对照,我们能够记录 19 只宠物狗的反应。我们的研究结果表明,癫痫发作与气味有关,狗会检测到这种气味,并表现出对主人的亲和行为显着增加。所有 19 只狗对癫痫发作气味的特征反应是强烈的凝视,具有统计学意义,(通过改变从汗液样本中产生的交替气味,在癫痫发作前、癫痫发作期间和癫痫发作后捕获,以及两个非癫痫对照,我们能够记录 19 只宠物狗的反应。我们的研究结果表明,癫痫发作与气味有关,狗会检测到这种气味,并表现出对主人的亲和行为显着增加。所有 19 只狗对癫痫发作气味的特征反应是强烈的凝视,具有统计学意义,(通过改变从汗液样本中产生的交替气味,在癫痫发作前、癫痫发作期间和癫痫发作后捕获,以及两个非癫痫对照,我们能够记录 19 只宠物狗的反应。我们的研究结果表明,癫痫发作与气味有关,狗会检测到这种气味,并表现出对主人的亲和行为显着增加。所有 19 只狗对癫痫发作气味的特征反应是强烈的凝视,具有统计学意义,(我们的研究结果表明,癫痫发作与气味有关,狗会检测到这种气味,并表现出对主人的亲和行为显着增加。所有 19 只狗对癫痫发作气味的特征反应是强烈的凝视,具有统计学意义,(我们的研究结果表明,癫痫发作与气味有关,狗会检测到这种气味,并表现出对主人的亲和行为显着增加。所有 19 只狗对癫痫发作气味的特征反应是强烈的凝视,具有统计学意义,(p < 0.0029),与非癫痫来源的对照气味相比,在癫痫发作前、癫痫发作和癫痫发作后阶段。
更新日期:2021-08-01
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