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Belowground morphology and population dynamics of two forest understory herbs of contrasting growth forms
Botany ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-29 , DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2021-0035
Joseph A. Antos 1 , Donald B. Zobel 2 , Dylan G. Fischer 3
Affiliation  

Botany, Ahead of Print.
Forest understory herbs exhibit a large range of variation in morphology and life history. Here, we expand the reported range of variation by describing the belowground structures of two very different species, Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. and Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Nutt. We excavated individuals in forests of the Cascade Mountains in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Xerophyllum tenax has short rhizomes but an extensive root system that is exceptionally large among forest understory species. The roots reach 4 m in length and may occupy an area 50 times that of the aboveground canopy. In contrast, C. umbellata has very small roots but an extensive rhizome system. The largest plant we excavated had 57 m of connected rhizomes and still had a seedling source. Both species have long-lived individuals but differ in response to disturbance. On the basis of monitoring 151 permanent 1 m2 plots in an old-growth forest, X. tenax increased only minimally in density over 40 years following tephra deposition from the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, whereas the density of C. umbellata increased substantially. The very different morphology of these two species highlights the large range of variation found among forest herbs, which needs to be considered when examining the forest understory.


中文翻译:

两种不同生长形式的林下林下草本植物的地下形态和种群动态

植物学,超前印刷。
林下草本植物在形态和生活史方面表现出很大范围的变化。在这里,我们通过描述两个非常不同的物种 Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt 的地下结构来扩展报告的变异范围。和 Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Nutt。我们在美国太平洋西北部的喀斯喀特山脉的森林中挖掘了个体。Xerophyllum tenax 的根茎很短,但根系广泛,在林下物种中特别大。根长可达 4 m,可占据地上冠层面积的 50 倍。相比之下,C. umbellata 的根非常小,但根茎系统广泛。我们挖掘的最大的植物有 57 m 的连接根茎,并且仍然有幼苗来源。这两个物种都有长寿个体,但对干扰的反应不同。根据对古老森林中 151 个永久性 1 m2 地块的监测,从 1980 年圣海伦斯火山喷发的火山灰沉积后的 40 年中,X. tenax 的密度仅略微增加,而 C. umbellata 的密度则大幅增加. 这两个物种非常不同的形态突出了在森林草本植物中发现的大范围变异,在检查林下林木时需要考虑到这一点。
更新日期:2021-04-29
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