Cell replacement therapies hold the potential to restore neuronal networks compromised by neurodegenerative diseases (such as Parkinson’s disease or Huntington’s disease), or focal tissue damage (via a stroke or spinal cord injury). Despite some promising results achieved to date, transplanted cells typically exhibit poor survival in the central nervous system, thus limiting therapeutic efficacy of the graft. Although cell death post-transplantation is likely to be multifactorial in causality, growing evidence suggests that the lack of vascularisation at the graft site, and the resulting ischemic host environment, may play a fundamental role in the fate of grafted cells. Herein, we summarise data showing how the deprivation of either oxygen, glucose, or both in combination, impacts the survival of neurons and review strategies which may improve graft survival in the central nervous system.

细胞替代疗法有可能恢复因神经退行性疾病（如帕金森病或亨廷顿病）或局部组织损伤（通过中风或脊髓损伤）而受损的神经元网络。尽管迄今为止取得了一些有希望的结果，但移植细胞通常在中枢神经系统中表现出较差的存活率，从而限制了移植物的治疗效果。尽管移植后细胞死亡的因果关系可能是多因素的，但越来越多的证据表明，移植部位缺乏血管形成以及由此产生的缺血宿主环境可能在移植细胞的命运中发挥重要作用。在此，我们总结了显示缺氧、缺糖或两者结合如何影响神经元存活的数据，并回顾了可能改善中枢神经系统移植物存活的策略。