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Single-cell RNA sequencing of SARS–CoV-2 cell entry factors in the preconceptional human endometrium
Human Reproduction ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-16 , DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab183
F Vilella 1, 2 , W Wang 3 , I Moreno 1 , B Roson 1 , S R Quake 3, 4, 5 , C Simon 1, 2, 6
Affiliation  

STUDY QUESTION Are SARS-CoV-2 canonical cell entry machinery, consisting of ACE2, TMPRSS2, NRP1 and LY6E, or alternative potential cell entry machinery, consisting of BSG, ANPEP, CD209, CLEC4G, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS11A, FURIN, CTSB, CTSL and IFITM1, expressed in the human endometrium across the menstrual cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER Analysis of cell entry factors for SARS-CoV-2 by single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) in the preconceptional human endometrium reveals low risk of infection. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Gene expression datasets from bulk endometrial tissue show no significant expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2. This is in contrast to reported expression of ACE2 at the single-cell level in the decidua and trophoblast cells at the maternal–fetal interface in early pregnancy, as well as vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This analysis of SARS-CoV-2 cell entry machinery gene expression was conducted by scRNAseq in 73 181 human endometrial cells isolated from endometrial biopsies obtained from 27 donors across the menstrual cycle. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS ScRNAseq examined the expression of genes encoding cell entry machinery for SARS-CoV-2. The raw data were from a previously published dataset. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE ScRNAseq analysis showed no significant expression of ACE2 in stromal or unciliated epithelial cells in any phase of the menstrual cycle. TMPRSS2 was expressed in epithelial cells during the early proliferative and mid-secretory phases. Interestingly, the expression of NRP1 was observed in both stromal and epithelial cells across all phases of the menstrual cycle, and LY6E was highly expressed in stromal cells. In the mid-secretory phase, coexpression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was detected in 0.07% of luminal epithelial cells. No cells simultaneously expressed ACE2, NRP1 and TMPRSS2 at the time of embryo implantation. Focusing on non-canonical cell entry machinery, BSG was highly expressed in all cell types across the menstrual cycle and may interact with CTSB or CTSL proteases, but viral infection using this machinery has not yet been confirmed. LARGE SCALE DATA All raw data in this study can be found at NCBI’s Gene Expression Omnibus (series accession code GSE111976) and Sequence Read Archive (accession code SRP135922). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our findings at the single-cell level imply low efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 endometrial infection using canonical receptors in a cohort of healthy reproductive-age women; however, infection of endometrial cells can only be assessed in the presence of the virus. All samples were processed for scRNAseq, so no samples are remaining to analyze protein expression or spatial transcriptomics. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results offer a useful resource to guide reproductive decisions when assessing risk of endometrial infection by SARS-CoV-2 during the preconceptional period in asymptomatic COVID-19 carriers. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was jointly supported by the March of Dimes, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub and MINECO/FEDER (SAF-2015-67164-R, to C.S.) (Spanish Government), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (Grant agreement 874867). W.W. was supported by the Stanford Bio-X Graduate Bowes Fellowship and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub. F.V. was supported by the Miguel Servet Program Type II of ISCIII (CPII18/00020) and the FIS project (PI18/00957). A patent disclosure has been filed for the study with the title ‘Methods for assessing endometrial transformation’ and the global patent number ‘EP 3807648 A2’ under the inventors S.R.Q., C.S., W.W. and F.V. C.S. is the Founder and Head of the Scientific Advisory Board of Igenomix SL. S.R.Q is the Director of Mirvie. I.M. is partially employed by Igenomix SL. B.R. has no interests to declare.

中文翻译:

孕前人类子宫内膜中 SARS-CoV-2 细胞进入因子的单细胞 RNA 测序

研究问题 SARS-CoV-2 是典型的细胞进入机制,包括 ACE2、TMPRSS2、NRP1 和 LY6E,还是替代的潜在细胞进入机制,包括 BSG、ANPEP、CD209、CLEC4G、TMPRSS4、TMPRSS11A、FURIN、CTSB、CTSL 和IFITM1,在整个月经周期的人类子宫内膜中表达?摘要 答案 通过单细胞 RNA 测序 (scRNAseq) 在孕前人类子宫内膜中对 SARS-CoV-2 的细胞进入因子进行的分析显示感染风险较低。已知情况 来自大块子宫内膜组织的基因表达数据集显示 SARS-CoV-2 受体 ACE2 和 TMPRSS2 没有显着表达。这与报道的 ACE2 在妊娠早期母胎界面的蜕膜和滋养层细胞中单细胞水平的表达形成对比,以及怀孕期间 SARS-CoV-2 的垂直传播。研究设 参与者/材料、设置、方法 ScRNAseq 检查了编码 SARS-CoV-2 细胞进入机制的基因的表达。原始数据来自先前发布的数据集。主要结果和 CHANCE 的作用 ScRNAseq 分析显示,在月经周期的任何阶段,基质或无纤毛上皮细胞中 ACE2 均无显着表达。TMPRSS2 在早期增殖期和分泌中期在上皮细胞中表达。有趣的是,在月经周期的所有阶段,在基质细胞和上皮细胞中均观察到 NRP1 的表达,LY6E 在基质细胞中高表达。在分泌中期,在 0.07% 的管腔上皮细胞中检测到 ACE2 和 TMPRSS2 的共表达。在胚胎植入时没有细胞同时表达ACE2、NRP1和TMPRSS2。专注于非典型细胞进入机制,BSG 在整个月经周期的所有细胞类型中都高度表达,并且可能与 CTSB 或 CTSL 蛋白酶相互作用,但使用这种机制的病毒感染尚未得到证实。大规模数据 本研究中的所有原始数据都可以在 NCBI 的 Gene Expression Omnibus(系列登录代码 GSE111976)和序列读取存档(登录代码 SRP135922)中找到。限制,谨慎的原因 我们在单细胞水平上的研究结果表明,在一组健康的育龄妇女中使用典型受体感染 SARS-CoV-2 子宫内膜的效率较低;然而,子宫内膜细胞的感染只能在病毒存在的情况下进行评估。所有样本都针对 scRNAseq 进行了处理,因此没有剩余样本可用于分析蛋白质表达或空间转录组学。研究结果的更广泛意义 我们的研究结果为无症状 COVID-19 携带者在孕前期间评估 SARS-CoV-2 子宫内膜感染风险时指导生殖决策提供了有用的资源。研究资金/竞争利益 本研究得到了三月钱币、Chan Zuckerberg Biohub 和 MINECO/FEDER (SAF-2015-67164-R, to CS)(西班牙政府)的联合支持,以及欧盟的 Horizo​​n 2020 研究与创新框架计划(赠款协议 874867)。WW 得到了斯坦福 Bio-X 研究生 Bowes 奖学金和 Chan Zuckerberg Biohub 的支持。FV 得到了 ISCIII 的 Miguel Servet Program Type II (CPII18/00020) 和 FIS 项目 (PI18/00957) 的支持。发明人 SRQ、CS、WW 和 FVCS 的发明人为“评估子宫内膜转化的方法”和全球专利号“EP 3807648 A2”的专利披露是该研究的创始人和负责人。 Igenomix SL。SRQ 是 Mirvie 的主管。Igenomix SL 部分采用 IM。BR没有利益申报。得到了斯坦福 Bio-X 研究生 Bowes 奖学金和 Chan Zuckerberg Biohub 的支持。FV 得到了 ISCIII 的 Miguel Servet Program Type II (CPII18/00020) 和 FIS 项目 (PI18/00957) 的支持。发明人 SRQ、CS、WW 和 FVCS 的发明人为“评估子宫内膜转化的方法”和全球专利号“EP 3807648 A2”的专利披露是该研究的创始人和负责人。 Igenomix SL。SRQ 是 Mirvie 的主管。Igenomix SL 部分采用 IM。BR没有利益申报。得到了斯坦福 Bio-X 研究生 Bowes 奖学金和 Chan Zuckerberg Biohub 的支持。FV 得到了 ISCIII 的 Miguel Servet Program Type II (CPII18/00020) 和 FIS 项目 (PI18/00957) 的支持。发明人 SRQ、CS、WW 和 FVCS 的发明人为“评估子宫内膜转化的方法”和全球专利号“EP 3807648 A2”的专利披露是该研究的创始人和负责人。 Igenomix SL。SRQ 是 Mirvie 的主管。Igenomix SL 部分采用 IM。BR没有利益申报。发明人 SRQ、CS、WW 和 FVCS 的发明人为“评估子宫内膜转化的方法”和全球专利号“EP 3807648 A2”的专利披露是该研究的创始人和负责人。 Igenomix SL。SRQ 是 Mirvie 的主管。Igenomix SL 部分采用 IM。BR没有利益申报。发明人 SRQ、CS、WW 和 FVCS 的发明人为“评估子宫内膜转化的方法”和全球专利号“EP 3807648 A2”的专利披露是该研究的创始人和负责人。 Igenomix SL。SRQ 是 Mirvie 的主管。Igenomix SL 部分采用 IM。BR没有利益申报。
更新日期:2021-07-16
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