Prenatal opioid exposure has been linked to altered neurodevelopment and visual problems such as strabismus and nystagmus. The neural substrate underlying these alterations is unclear. Resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rsfMRI) is an advanced and well-established technique to evaluate brain networks. Few studies have examined the effects of prenatal opioid exposure on resting-state network connectivity in infancy. In this pilot study, we characterized network connectivity in opioid-exposed infants (n = 19) and controls (n = 20) between 4–8 weeks of age using both a whole-brain connectomic approach and a seed-based approach. Prenatal opioid exposure was associated with differences in distribution of betweenness centrality and connection length, with positive connections unique to each group significantly longer than common connections. The unique connections in the opioid-exposed group were more often inter-network connections while unique connections in controls and connections common to both groups were more often intra-network. The opioid-exposed group had smaller network volumes particularly in the primary visual network, but similar network strength as controls. Network topologies as determined by dice similarity index were different between groups, particularly in visual and executive control networks. These results may provide insight into the neural basis for the developmental and visual problems associated with prenatal opioid exposure.

产前阿片类药物暴露与神经发育改变和视力问题（如斜视和眼球震颤）有关。这些改变背后的神经基质尚不清楚。静息状态功能连接 MRI (rsfMRI) 是一种先进且成熟的评估大脑网络的技术。很少有研究探讨产前阿片类药物暴露对婴儿期静息态网络连通性的影响。在这项试点研究中，我们使用全脑连接组学方法和基于种子的方法对 4-8 周龄的阿片类药物暴露婴儿 (n = 19) 和对照组 (n = 20) 的网络连接进行了表征。产前阿片类药物暴露与介数中心性和连接长度分布的差异相关，每组独特的正连接显着长于普通连接。阿片类药物暴露组中的独特连接更常见于网络间连接，而对照组中的独特连接和两组共有的连接更常见于网络内。阿片类药物暴露组的网络容量较小，尤其是在初级视觉网络中，但网络强度与对照组相似。由骰子相似性指数确定的网络拓扑在各组之间是不同的，特别是在视觉和执行控制网络中。这些结果可能有助于深入了解与产前阿片类药物暴露相关的发育和视觉问题的神经基础。阿片类药物暴露组的网络容量较小，尤其是在初级视觉网络中，但网络强度与对照组相似。由骰子相似性指数确定的网络拓扑在各组之间是不同的，特别是在视觉和执行控制网络中。这些结果可能有助于深入了解与产前阿片类药物暴露相关的发育和视觉问题的神经基础。阿片类药物暴露组的网络容量较小，尤其是在初级视觉网络中，但网络强度与对照组相似。由骰子相似性指数确定的网络拓扑在各组之间是不同的，特别是在视觉和执行控制网络中。这些结果可能有助于深入了解与产前阿片类药物暴露相关的发育和视觉问题的神经基础。