This study aimed to identify the effects of host species on the gut microbial flora in three species (Hemitragus jemlahicus, Pseudois nayaur, and Ovis orientalis) from the subfamily Caprinae, by excluding the impact of environment factors. We investigated the differences in intestinal flora of three species belonging to Caprinae, which were raised in identical conditions. Fecal samples were collected from tahr, mouflon, and bharal, and the V3–V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences reveals that fecal samples were mainly composed of four phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, and Proteobacteria. The most abundant phyla included Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes accounting for >90% of the bacteria, and a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was observed in tahrs. Moreover, significant differences existed at multiple levels of classifications in the relative abundance of intestinal flora, differing greatly between species. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene indicated that mouflon is closely related to bharal, and it is inconsistent with previous reports in the species evolutionary relationships. In this study, we demonstrated that the gut microbiota in tahr had a stronger ability to absorb and store energy from the diet compared with mouflon and bharal, and the characteristics of host–microbiome interactions were not significant.

中文翻译：

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在不存在环境差异的情况下，分析山羊亚科不同属（Hemitragus、Pseudois 和 Ovis）的三个物种的肠道微生物群

本研究旨在确定宿主物种对三种物种（Hemitragus jemlahicus、Pseudois nayaur和Ovis orientalis ）肠道微生物菌群的影响。) 来自山羊亚科，通过排除环境因素的影响。我们研究了在相同条件下饲养的属于山羊亚科的三个物种的肠道菌群差异。从 tahr、mouflon 和 bharal 收集粪便样本，并通过高通量测序分析 16S 核糖体 RNA 基因的 V3-V4 区域。16S rRNA基因序列分析表明，粪便样本主要由四个门组成：厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、螺旋体门和变形菌门。最丰富的门包括厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门，占细菌的 90% 以上，并且在 tahrs 中观察到更高的厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比率。此外，肠道菌群的相对丰度在多个分类层次上存在显着差异，种间差异很大。基于16S rRNA基因的系统发育分析表明mouflon与bharal密切相关，在物种进化关系上与之前的报道不一致。在这项研究中，我们证明了与 mouflon 和 bharal 相比，tahr 的肠道微生物群从饮食中吸收和储存能量的能力更强，并且宿主-微生物组相互作用的特征不显着。