Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been linked to elevated inflammation markers. It remains unclear whether the elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are not only observable in acute MDD but also in patients after remission. MDD is a common sequela of early life maltreatment (ELM), which has also been associated with elevated inflammation markers. While the majority of studies investigated (acute) MDD and ELM as isolated predictors of inflammation, a few studies found inflammation levels to be more pronounced in patients with MDD that were exposed to ELM. This investigation included both ELM and MDD in one study and aimed at distinguishing between the effects of MDD in remission (rMDD) and ELM and investigating potential accumulative effects on the inflammatory markers CRP and IL-6 in a population of N=126 women (n=122 for CRP and n=66 for IL-6). We further investigated how disorder characteristics (course and severity) and specific types of ELM affect levels of CRP and IL-6. We found that rMDD predicted levels of CRP and IL-6 and physical abuse predicted levels of CRP when considering both predictors simultaneously, while other types of ELM did not. A later onset of MDD and a shorter time interval since the last episode were associated with higher levels of IL-6. Our findings contribute to the existing literature on the association between MDD and inflammation, suggesting that elevated levels of inflammation markers may persist even after remission of MDD. Our findings on physical abuse as a specific predictor of CRP in the presence of rMDD suggest that different types of ELM could result in distinct inflammation profiles.

重度抑郁症 (MDD) 与炎症标志物升高有关。目前尚不清楚 C 反应蛋白 (CRP) 和白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 水平的升高是否不仅可以在急性 MDD 中观察到，而且在缓解后的患者中也可以观察到。MDD 是早期生活虐待 (ELM) 的常见后遗症，它也与炎症标志物升高有关。虽然大多数研究调查（急性）MDD 和 ELM 作为炎症的孤立预测因子，但一些研究发现，暴露于 ELM 的 MDD 患者的炎症水平更为明显。该调查在一项研究中同时包括 ELM 和 MDD，旨在区分 MDD 对缓解 (rMDD) 和 ELM 的影响，并调查对炎症标志物 CRP 和 IL-6 的潜在累积影响。Ñ = 126名妇女（Ñ = 122 CRP和ÑIL-6 = 66）。我们进一步研究了疾病特征（病程和严重程度）和特定类型的 ELM 如何影响 CRP 和 IL-6 的水平。我们发现当同时考虑这两个预测因子时，rMDD 预测 CRP 和 IL-6 的水平，身体虐待预测 CRP 的水平，而其他类型的 ELM 则没有。较晚的 MDD 发作和自上次发作以来较短的时间间隔与较高水平的 IL-6 相关。我们的发现有助于现有关于 MDD 与炎症之间关联的文献，表明即使在 MDD 缓解后炎症标志物水平升高也可能持续存在。我们关于身体虐待作为存在 rMDD 时 CRP 的特定预测因子的研究结果表明，不同类型的 ELM 可能导致不同的炎症特征。