In cold areas where the annual rail temperature difference can exceed 90 °C, continuous welded rails (CWRs) on small-radius curves are more likely to buckle or distort owing to the large radial temperature force and large lateral deformation of the rails. To facilitate safe operation of trains in cold areas, a magnetostrictive displacement measurement technique was used to measure the lateral displacement of CWRs in this study. Then, a long-term monitoring system, including a sensor subsystem, a data acquisition and transmission subsystem, and a data analysis and management subsystem, was established for the monitoring of CWRs on small-radius curves and applied in a field test. One year of continuous observation results showed that this monitoring system could effectively realize the functions of real-time acquisition, wireless transmission, and data storage in a cold climate. The collection and analysis of these observation data, including the air temperature, rail temperature, and lateral displacement of the rail, can be further applied for the stability prediction of CWRs on small-radius curves.

中文翻译：

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寒冷地区弯道连续焊轨监测长效诊断技术

在钢轨年温差可超过90℃的寒冷地区，小半径曲线上的连续焊接钢轨（CWR）由于钢轨径向温度力大和横向变形大，更容易发生屈曲或变形。为促进寒冷地区列车的安全运行，本研究采用磁致伸缩位移测量技术测量CWRs的横向位移。然后，建立了包括传感器子系统、数据采集与传输子系统、数据分析与管理子系统在内的长期监测系统，用于水电堆小半径曲线的监测，并应用于现场试验。一年的连续观测结果表明，该监测系统能够有效实现实时采集、无线传输、以及寒冷气候下的数据存储。这些观测数据的收集和分析，包括气温、钢轨温度和钢轨横向位移，可以进一步应用于小半径曲线上CWRs的稳定性预测。