Retrieval of snow depth on sea ice from satellite measurements has been challenging especially for multiyear ice. In this study, January-February-March monthly averaged snow depth was estimated during the 2003–2020 period from satellite radiometer measurements by combining recently developed retrieval methods for freeboard and snow-ice thickness ratio. A good agreement between snow depth from this study and that from Operational IceBridge measurements demonstrates that reliable snow depth can be estimated from satellite measurements. From the analysis of wintertime snow depth estimated from this study, a reduction of mean snow depth compared to the modified Warren climatology is noted over the entire Arctic Ocean. In addition, this study found geographically different snow depth trends: positive for multiyear ice area and negative for the other areas. Average snow depth interannual variability on multiyear ice ranges between 3 to 5 cm while smaller variability is found on first-year ice.

中文翻译：

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卫星辐射计测量结果（2003-2020 年）北极海冰上的冬季积雪深度：区域模式和趋势

从卫星测量中检索海冰上的雪深一直具有挑战性，尤其是对于多年冰。在这项研究中，通过结合最近开发的干舷和雪冰厚度比反演方法，通过卫星辐射计测量估计了 2003 年至 2020 年期间 1 月至 2 月至 3 月的月平均雪深。这项研究的雪深与冰桥运营测量的雪深之间的良好一致性表明，可以从卫星测量中估算出可靠的雪深。根据对本研究估计的冬季积雪深度的分析，与修正的沃伦气候学相比，整个北冰洋的平均积雪深度有所减少。此外，这项研究还发现了地理上不同的雪深趋势：多年冰区为正值，其他区域为负值。多年冰上的平均雪深年际变化范围在 3 到 5 厘米之间，而第一年冰上的变化较小。