Metal-free catalysis is a promising protocol to access chemicals without metal contamination. Ionic liquids (ILs) that are entirely composed of organic cations and inorganic/organic anions have emerged as promising alternatives to molecular solvents and metal catalysts due to their unique properties such as structural tunability, the coexistence of multiple interactions among ions (e.g., electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, van de Waals forces, acid/base interactions, hydrophilic/hydrophobic interactions, etc.), unique affinity for a wide range of chemicals, good chemical and thermal stability, and quite low volatility. ILs have shown potential applications in various chemical processes.

中文翻译：

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无金属条件下的离子液体催化方法

无金属催化是一种有前途的方案，可以在没有金属污染的情况下获取化学品。完全由有机阳离子和无机/有机阴离子组成的离子液体 (IL) 由于其独特的性质，如结构可调性、离子之间多种相互作用（例如静电相互作用）的共存，已成为分子溶剂和金属催化剂的有前途的替代品。 、氢键、范德华力、酸/碱相互作用、亲水/疏水相互作用等）、对多种化学品的独特亲和力、良好的化学和热稳定性以及相当低的挥发性。离子液体已在各种化学过程中显示出潜在的应用。