Adolescence is a critical period for successful transition into adulthood. This systematic review of empirical longitudinal evidence investigated the associations between adolescent psychosocial factors and education and employment status in young adulthood. Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ASSIA and ERIC) were searched. Meta-analysis was conducted by using odds ratios (OR) as our common effect size; a narrative synthesis of results was also completed. Of the 8970 references screened, 14 articles were included and mapped into seven domains, namely, behavioral problems, peer problems, substance use, prosocial skills, self-evaluations, aspirations and physical activity. The results showed that behavioral problems (overall OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.26–1.74) and peer problems (overall OR_adj: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02–1.57) were significantly associated with being out of education, employment and training (NEET) as young adults. Prosocial skills did not present a significant association (overall OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.92–1.15). Other domains were narratively synthesized. The role of substance use was less clear. Only a few studies were available for self-evaluations, aspirations and physical activity domains. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

青春期是成功过渡到成年的关键时期。这项对经验性纵向证据的系统评价调查了青少年心理社会因素与青年时期教育和就业状况之间的关联。检索了五个电子数据库（MEDLINE、PsycINFO、CINAHL、ASSIA 和 ERIC）。使用优势比 (OR) 作为我们的共同效应量进行 Meta 分析；还完成了结果的叙述性综合。在筛选的 8970 篇参考文献中，14 篇文章被纳入并映射到七个领域，即行为问题、同伴问题、物质使用、亲社会技能、自我评价、愿望和身体活动。结果表明，行为问题（总体 OR：1.48；95% CI：1.26–1.74）和同伴问题（总体 OR _adj: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02–1.57) 与年轻时脱离教育、就业和培训 (NEET) 显着相关。亲社会技能没有显着关联（总体 OR：1.03；95% CI：0.92-1.15）。其他领域被叙事合成。物质使用的作用不太清楚。只有少数研究可用于自我评估、愿望和身体活动领域。讨论了对研究和实践的影响。