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Bacterial Community Characteristics in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Yak (Bos grunniens) Fully Grazed on Pasture of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China
Animals ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-30 , DOI: 10.3390/ani11082243
Xueping Han 1, 2, 3, 4 , Hongjin Liu 1, 2, 3 , Linyong Hu 1, 2, 3 , Na Zhao 1, 2, 3 , Shixiao Xu 1, 2, 3 , Zhijia Lin 4 , Yongwei Chen 4
Affiliation  

In the current research, samples of yak gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) were used to profile the bacterial compositional characteristics using high through-put sequencing technology of 16S RNA amplicon. A total of 6959 OTUs was obtained from 20,799,614 effective tags, among which 751 OTUs were shared by ten sections. A total of 16 known phyla were obtained in all samples—the most abundant phyla were Firmicutes (34.58%), Bacteroidetes (33.96%) and Verrucomicrobia (11.70%). At the genus level, a total of 66 genera were obtained—Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group (7.24%), Akkermansia (6.32%) and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 (6.14%) were the most abundant. Species of Observed (Sob), Shannon and Chao values of the Stomach were the greatest, followed by the large intestine, while small intestine had the lowest diversity (p < 0.05). Bacteroidete were more abundant in sections from rumen to duodenum; while Firmicutes were the most abundant in sections from jejunum. ABC transporters (7.82%), Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (4.85%) and Purine metabolism (3.77%) were the most abundant level-3 pathways in all samples. The results of associated correlation analysis indicated that rectum samples might be used as an estimator of rumen bacterial communities and fermentation. The results of this research enrich the current knowledge about the unique animals of the QTP and extend our insight into GITs microecology of various animals.

中文翻译:

青藏高原牧场全放牧牦牛胃肠道细菌群落特征

在目前的研究中,使用 16S RNA 扩增子的高通量测序技术,使用牦牛胃肠道 (GIT) 样本来分析细菌组成特征。从20,799,614个有效标签中总共获得了6959个OTU,其中751个OTU被10个部分共享。在所有样品中总共获得了 16 个已知门——最丰富的门是厚壁菌门(34.58%)、拟杆菌( 33.96%) 和疣微菌门(11.70%)。在属水平上,共获得66个属——Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group(7.24%)、Akkermansia(6.32%)和Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 (6.14%) 是最丰富的。Species of Observed (Sob)、Shannon 和 Chao 值在胃中最大,其次是大肠,而小肠的多样性最低(p < 0.05)。拟杆菌瘤胃至十二指肠切片较多;而厚壁菌是空肠切片中最丰富的。ABC 转运蛋白 (7.82%)、氨酰基-tRNA 生物合成 (4.85%) 和嘌呤代谢 (3.77%) 是所有样品中最丰富的 3 级途径。相关相关分析结果表明直肠样本可作为瘤胃细菌群落和发酵的估计指标。这项研究的结果丰富了目前关于青藏高原独特动物的知识,并扩展了我们对各种动物胃肠道微生态学的了解。
更新日期:2021-07-30
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