Attitudes are mental representations that help to explain why stimuli evoke positive or negative responses. Until recently, attitudes were often thought of as associations in memory. This idea inspired extensive research on evaluative conditioning (EC) and implicit evaluation. However, attitudes can also be seen as propositional representations, which, unlike associations, specify relational information and have a truth value. We review research on EC and implicit evaluation that tested the basic tenets of the propositional perspective on attitudes. In line with this perspective, studies show that both phenomena are moderated by relational and truth information. We discuss implications for the prediction and influencing of seemingly irrational behavior such as excessive alcohol intake and implicit racial bias.

态度是有助于解释为什么刺激会引起积极或消极反应的心理表征。直到最近，态度还常常被认为是记忆中的联想。这个想法激发了对评价性条件反射（EC）和隐性评价的广泛研究。然而，态度也可以被视为命题表示，与关联不同，它指定了关系信息并具有真值。我们回顾了关于 EC 和内隐评估的研究，这些研究测试了态度命题观点的基本原则。根据这一观点，研究表明这两种现象都受到关系和真实信息的调节。我们讨论了对看似不合理的行为（例如过量饮酒和隐含的种族偏见）的预测和影响的影响。