Polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes were fabricated via interfacial polymerization (IP) with graphene oxide (GO)/aminated GO (NGO)-incorporated substrate and then compared for petrochemical wastewater and shale gas produced water desalination. Crosslinking degree of PA layer with GO-incorporated substrate and NGO-incorporated substrate was higher than pristine membrane. Water flux of TFC_GO-0.05 (with GO addition mass of 0.05 wt%) and TFC_NGO-0.075 (with NGO addition mass of 0.075 wt%) membrane substantially increased by 15.6% and 26.9% with the highest flux of 44.93 and 49.30 L m^-2 h^-1, respectively, while slight difference was observed for Na₂SO₄, MgSO₄, NaCl rejection. The better performance of TFC_NGO than TFC_GO was attributed to much thinner PA layer due to relatively larger pore size, higher hydrophilicity, and possible reaction of amino group of NGOs with TMC, which resulted in lower PA layer thickness of TFC_NGO membranes. Substantial enhancement of water flux (higher than 24.8%) and similar divalent ion rejections can be observed for petrochemical wastewater, as consistent with the single salt test. However, better performance in permeability and divalent ion rejections (approximately 6% higher than pristine membrane) was observed for shale gas produced water. These results also demonstrated that it is feasible to incorporate NGO into substrate for NF fabrication to improve performance for industrial water desalination.

聚酰胺 (PA) 纳滤 (NF) 膜是通过界面聚合 (IP) 与氧化石墨烯 (GO)/胺化 GO (NGO) 结合的基材制造的，然后与石化废水和页岩气采出水脱盐进行比较。PA层与GO掺入基材和NGO掺入基材的交联度高于原始膜。TFC _GO-0.05（GO添加质量为0.05 wt%）和TFC _NGO-0.075（NGO添加质量为0.075 wt%）膜的水通量大幅增加15.6%和26.9%，最高通量分别为44.93和49.30 L m ^{- 2} h ^-1，分别为 Na ₂ SO ₄、MgSO₄、NaCl排斥。TFC _NGO比 TFC _GO更好的性能归因于 PA 层更薄，因为相对较大的孔径、更高的亲水性以及 NGO 的氨基可能与 TMC 反应，导致 TFC _{NGO 的}PA 层厚度更薄膜。可以观察到石化废水的水通量显着提高（高于 24.8%）和类似的二价离子排斥，这与单盐测试一致。然而，观察到页岩气采出水的渗透性和二价离子截留性能更好（比原始膜高约 6%）。这些结果还表明，将 NGO 加入到用于 NF 制造的基材中以提高工业海水淡化的性能是可行的。