Objective. Human movement is a complex process requiring information transmission in inter-cortical, cortico-muscular and inter-muscular networks. Though motor deficits after stroke are associated with impaired networks in the cortico-motor system, the mechanisms underlying these networks are to date not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in information transmission of the inter-cortical, cortico-muscular and inter-muscular networks after stroke and the effect of myoelectric-controlled interface (MCI) dimensionality on such information transmission in each network. Approach. Fifteen healthy control subjects and 11 post-stroke patients were recruited to perform elbow tracking tasks within different dimensional MCIs in this study. Their electromyography (EMG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals were recorded simultaneously. Transfer entropy was used to analyse the functional connection that represented the information transmission in each network based on the fNIRS and EMG signals. Main results. The results found that post-stroke patients showed the increased inter-cortical connection versus healthy control subjects, which might be attributed to cortical reorganisation to compensate for motor deficits. Compared to healthy control subjects, a lower strength cortico-muscular connection was found in post-stroke patients due to the reduction of information transmission following a stroke. Moreover, the increased MCI dimensionality strengthened inter-cortical, cortico-muscular and inter-muscular connections because of higher visual information processing demands. Significance. These findings not only provide a comprehensive overview to evaluate changes in the cortico-motor system due to stroke, but also suggest that increased MCI dimensionality may serve as a useful rehabilitation tool for boosting information transmission in the cortico-motor system of post-stroke patients.

目标。人体运动是一个复杂的过程，需要在皮质间、皮质肌肉和肌肉间网络中传递信息。尽管中风后的运动缺陷与皮质运动系统中的网络受损有关，但迄今为止尚未完全了解这些网络背后的机制。本研究的目的是调查脑卒中后皮质间、皮质肌肉和肌肉间网络信息传递的变化，以及肌电控制界面（MCI）维度对每个网络中此类信息传递的影响。方法. 在本研究中，招募了 15 名健康对照受试者和 11 名中风后患者在不同维度的 MCI 内执行肘部跟踪任务。他们的肌电图 (EMG) 和功能性近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 信号被同时记录。传输熵用于基于 fNIRS 和 EMG 信号分析代表每个网络中信息传输的功能连接。主要结果。结果发现，与健康对照组相比，卒中后患者的皮质间联系增加，这可能归因于皮质重组以补偿运动缺陷。与健康对照受试者相比，由于中风后信息传递的减少，中风后患者的皮质肌肉连接强度较低。此外，由于更高的视觉信息处理需求，增加的 MCI 维度加强了皮质间、皮质肌肉和肌肉间的连接。意义. 这些发现不仅提供了评估中风引起的皮质运动系统变化的全面概述，而且表明增加的 MCI 维数可以作为一种有用的康复工具，用于促进中风后患者皮质运动系统中的信息传输.