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Space Weather Monitoring on Ground-based Magnetic Observations (PC Index)
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-23 , DOI: 10.3103/s1068373921030018
O. A. Troshichev 1 , D. A. Sormakov 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

Polar cap magnetic activity (PC index) is an indicator of solar wind energy that enters the magnetosphere (Resolutions of XXII IAGA Assembly, 2013). Usually, the PC index follows changes in the interplanetary electric field \(E_{KL}\), that is estimated from measurement data on solar wind parameters at the Lagrange point L1 (available at the OMNI website). However, during the period of magnetic field perturbations, the correspondence between \(E_{KL}\)and PC is often disturbed. To reveal the regularity of disturbances, the correlation was analyzed between the PC index and the computed field \(E_{KL}\) during magnetic substorms, which are considered as an independent indicator of the impact of perturbed solar wind on the magnetosphere. The independent analysis for the PCN and PCS indices demonstrated that the magnetic activity in the winter polar cap (PCwinter) provides statistically more correct results than the magnetic activity in the summer cap (PCsummer). The correlation between the PCwinter and the computed field \(E_{KL}\) (\(R> 0.5\)) was observed for \(\sim \)80% of the analyzed substorms. In the other cases (20%), the correlation was low or even negative, even though substorms were evidently associated with the PC index growth. So, in these cases, the computed field \(E_{KL}\) did not contact with the magnetosphere. Hence, the PC index allows verifying the real field \(E_{KL}\) affecting the magnetosphere and checking in such way whether the solar wind registered at the Lagrange point contacted with the magnetosphere (data from the OMNI website).



中文翻译:

地基磁观测的空间天气监测(PC 指数)

摘要

极冠磁活动(PC 指数)是进入磁层的太阳风能的指标(XXII IAGA 大会决议,2013 年)。通常,PC 指数跟随行星际电场 \(E_{KL}\) 的变化,这是根据拉格朗日点 L1(可在 OMNI 网站上获得)的太阳风参数测量数据估计的。然而,在磁场扰动期间,\(E_{KL}\)和PC之间的对应关系 经常受到干扰。为了揭示扰动的规律性,分析了PC指数与计算场\(E_{KL}\)之间的相关性  在磁亚暴期间,这被认为是受扰动的太阳风对磁层影响的独立指标。PCN 和 PCS 指数的独立分析表明,冬季极冠 (PCwinter) 的磁活动比夏冠 (PCsummer) 的磁活动在统计上更准确。PCwinter 与计算场\(E_{KL}\)  ( \(R> 0.5\) )之间的相关性在\(\sim \) 80% 的分析亚暴中被观察到 。在其他情况下(20%),相关性很低甚至为负,即使亚暴显然与 PC 指数增长相关。因此,在这些情况下,计算域\(E_{KL}\) 没有接触到磁层。因此,PC 指数允许验证 影响磁层的真实场 \(E_{KL}\)并以这种方式检查太阳风是否在与磁层接触的拉格朗日点注册(来自 OMNI 网站的数据)。

更新日期:2021-07-29
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