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Unpacking authoritarian governance in electricity policy: Understanding progress, inconsistency and stagnation in Tanzania
Energy Research & Social Science ( IF 8.514 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2021.102209
Barnaby Joseph Dye 1
Affiliation  

In Africa, the 21st century has seen increased policy focus on the electricity sector, with targets for providing reliable, affordable power and achieving universal electricity access. But how to understand the policymaking affecting these goals? Recent academic and policy literature has tended to focus on factors like ‘political will’ and on the positive impacts of democratic and liberal-market institutional reform. However, given the predominance of authoritarianism in Africa, we also need to unpack countries ruled by dominant political elites. This article, using insights from the political settlements framework, addresses this by using the case study of Tanzania. Whilst under consistent de-facto 1-party rule, it experienced two markedly different periods of electricity policymaking in electricity generation, first under President Kikwete (2005–2015) and second President Magufuli (2015–2021). Meanwhile consistent, substantive increases were achieved in electricity access. Using insights from the ‘political settlements framework, the article explains these contrasts through shifts in the nature of political power. The article demonstrates that centralised, fragmented regimes contain weaknesses in their ability to implement policy and pursue long-term development, whilst centralised dominant regimes have a weakness from supressing critique. Overall, this reinforces the importance of analysing the manifestation of political power within the ruling elite, and the way this shapes key political pressures and policymaking horizons.



中文翻译:

解开电力政策中的威权治理:了解坦桑尼亚的进展、不一致和停滞

在非洲,进入 21 世纪,电力部门的政策重点越来越多,目标是提供可靠、负担得起的电力并实现普遍电力供应。但是如何理解影响这些目标的政策制定呢?最近的学术和政策文献倾向于关注“政治意愿”等因素以及民主和自由市场体制改革的积极影响。然而,鉴于威权主义在非洲占主导地位,我们还需要解开由占主导地位的政治精英统治的国家。本文利用政治定居点框架的见解,通过使用坦桑尼亚的案例研究来解决这个问题。虽然在一致的事实上的一党统治下,它经历了两个明显不同的发电政策制定时期,第一任总统基奎特(2005-2015)和第二任总统马古富力(2015-2021)。与此同时,电力供应方面取得了持续、实质性的增长。文章利用来自“政治解决框架”的见解,通过政治权力性质的转变来解释这些对比。文章表明,集权、碎片化的政权在执行政策和谋求长期发展的能力上存在弱点,而集权主导的政权在压制批评方面存在弱点。总体而言,这强化了分析统治精英内部政治权力表现的重要性,以及这塑造关键政治压力和决策视野的方式。文章利用来自“政治解决框架”的见解,通过政治权力性质的转变来解释这些对比。文章表明,集权、碎片化的政权在执行政策和谋求长期发展的能力上存在弱点,而集权主导的政权在压制批评方面存在弱点。总体而言,这强化了分析统治精英内部政治权力表现的重要性,以及这塑造关键政治压力和决策视野的方式。文章利用来自“政治解决框架”的见解,通过政治权力性质的转变来解释这些对比。文章表明,集权、碎片化的政权在执行政策和谋求长期发展的能力上存在弱点,而集权主导的政权在压制批评方面存在弱点。总体而言,这强化了分析统治精英内部政治权力表现的重要性,以及这塑造关键政治压力和决策视野的方式。而中央集权的统治体制在压制批评方面存在弱点。总体而言,这强化了分析统治精英内部政治权力表现的重要性,以及这塑造关键政治压力和决策视野的方式。而中央集权的统治体制在压制批评方面存在弱点。总体而言,这强化了分析统治精英内部政治权力表现的重要性,以及这塑造关键政治压力和决策视野的方式。

更新日期:2021-07-29
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