While Fibro-Adipogenic Progenitors (FAPs) have been originally identified as muscle-interstitial mesenchymal cells activated in response to muscle injury and endowed with inducible fibrogenic and adipogenic potential, subsequent studies have expanded their phenotypic and functional repertoire and revealed their contribution to skeletal muscle response to a vast range of perturbations. Here we review the emerging contribution of FAPs to skeletal muscle responses to motor neuron injuries and to systemic physiological (e.g., exercise) or pathological metabolic (e.g., diabetes) perturbations. We also provide an initial blueprint of discrete sub-clusters of FAPs that are activated by specific perturbations and discuss their role in muscle adaptation to these conditions.

虽然纤维-脂肪祖细胞 (FAP) 最初被确定为肌肉间质间充质细胞，可响应肌肉损伤而激活并具有可诱导的纤维化和脂肪生成潜力，但随后的研究扩展了它们的表型和功能库，并揭示了它们对骨骼肌反应的贡献到大范围的扰动。在这里，我们回顾了 FAP 对骨骼肌对运动神经元损伤和全身生理（例如，运动）或病理代谢（例如，糖尿病）扰动的反应的新贡献。我们还提供了由特定扰动激活的离散 FAP 子集群的初始蓝图，并讨论了它们在肌肉适应这些条件中的作用。