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Broad-band X-ray observations of the 2018 outburst of the changing-look active galactic nucleus NGC 1566
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-27 , DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab2155
Arghajit Jana 1 , Neeraj Kumari 1, 2 , Prantik Nandi 3 , Sachindra Naik 1 , Arka Chatterjee 4, 5 , Gaurava K Jaisawal 6 , Kimitake Hayasaki 5 , Claudio Ricci 7, 8
Affiliation  

We study the nature of the changing-look active galactic nucleus NGC 1566 during its 2018 June outburst. During the outburst, the X-ray intensity of the source rises up to ∼25–30 times compared to its quiescent state intensity. We perform timing and spectral analysis of the source during pre-outburst, outburst, and post-outburst epochs using semisimultaneous observations with the XMM–Newton, Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array(NuSTAR), and Neil Gehrels Swift Observatories. We calculate variance, normalized variance, and fractional rms amplitude in different energy bands to study the variability. The broad-band 0.5–70 keV spectra are fitted with phenomenological models, as well as physical models. A strong soft X-ray excess is detected in the spectra during the outburst. The soft-excess emission is found to be complex and could originate in the warm Comptonizing region in the inner accretion disc. We find that the increase in the accretion rate is responsible for the sudden rise in luminosity. This is supported by the ‘q’-shape of the hardness-intensity diagram that is generally found in outbursting black hole X-ray binaries. From our analysis, we find that NGC 1566 most likely harbours a low-spinning black hole with the spin parameter a* ∼ 0.2. We also discuss a scenario where the central core of NGC 1566 could be a merging supermassive black hole.

中文翻译:

2018 年变化外观的活跃星系核 NGC 1566 爆发的宽带 X 射线观测

我们研究了外观不断变化的活跃星系核 NGC 1566 在 2018 年 6 月爆发期间的性质。在爆发期间,源的 X 射线强度与其静止状态强度相比上升了 25-30 倍。我们使用 XMM-Newton、核光谱望远镜阵列 (NuSTAR) 和 Neil Gehrels Swift 天文台的半同时观测,在爆发前、爆发和爆发后时期对源进行时序和光谱分析。我们计算不同能带中的方差、归一化方差和分数均方根幅度来研究变异性。宽带 0.5-70 keV 光谱配有唯象模型以及物理模型。在爆发期间,在光谱中检测到强烈的软 X 射线过量。发现软过量发射很复杂,可能起源于内吸积盘中的暖康普顿区域。我们发现吸积率的增加是亮度突然上升的原因。这得到了通常在爆发的黑洞 X 射线双星中发现的硬度-强度图的“q”形的支持。根据我们的分析,我们发现 NGC 1566 很可能含有一个自旋参数 a* ∼ 0.2 的低自旋黑洞。我们还讨论了 NGC 1566 的中心核心可能是一个合并的超大质量黑洞的情况。这得到了通常在爆发的黑洞 X 射线双星中发现的硬度-强度图的“q”形的支持。根据我们的分析,我们发现 NGC 1566 很可能含有一个自旋参数 a* ∼ 0.2 的低自旋黑洞。我们还讨论了 NGC 1566 的中心核心可能是一个合并的超大质量黑洞的情况。这得到了通常在爆发的黑洞 X 射线双星中发现的硬度-强度图的“q”形的支持。根据我们的分析,我们发现 NGC 1566 很可能含有一个自旋参数 a* ∼ 0.2 的低自旋黑洞。我们还讨论了 NGC 1566 的中心核心可能是一个合并的超大质量黑洞的情况。
更新日期:2021-07-27
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