Global investment in counteracting climate change has galvanized increasing interest in carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) as a versatile emissions mitigation technology. As decarbonization efforts accelerate, CCS can target the emissions of large point-source emitters, such as coal- or natural gas-fired power plants, while also supporting the production of renewable or low-carbon fuels. Furthermore, CCS can enable decarbonization of difficult-to-abate industrial processes and can support net CO₂ removal from the atmosphere through bioenergy coupled with CCS or direct air capture. Here we review the development of porous materials as next-generation sorbents for CO₂ capture applications. We focus on stream- and sector-specific challenges while highlighting case studies within the context of the rapidly shifting energy landscape. We conclude with a discussion of key needs from the materials community to expand deployment of carbon capture technologies.

应对气候变化的全球投资激发了人们对碳捕获和封存 (CCS) 作为一种多功能减排技术的兴趣。随着脱碳工作的加速，CCS 可以针对大型点源排放者的排放，例如燃煤或天然气发电厂，同时还支持可再生或低碳燃料的生产。此外，CCS 可以实现难以减排的工业过程的脱碳，并且可以通过与 CCS 或直接空气捕获相结合的生物能源支持从大气中净去除CO ₂。在这里，我们回顾了作为下一代 CO ₂吸附剂的多孔材料的发展捕获应用程序。我们专注于特定于河流和行业的挑战，同时强调快速变化的能源格局背景下的案例研究。我们最后讨论了材料界的关键需求，以扩大碳捕获技术的部署。