The disruptive nature of blockchain technology has drawn considerable interest from different types of stakeholders. It is adopted in numerous sectors with the ability to openly and securely verify, track, and exchange data. The energy blockchain, a term used when blockchain technology is applied in the energy sector, is considered as having the potential to develop a decentralized, digitized, and decarbonized energy management system. The article presents an overview of the development progress from three perspectives, including academic research, the deployment of companies and pilot projects, and government support policies. Then a different taxonomy is developed to demonstrate and highlighted the different applications. Finally, the future trends and challenges hindering the effective implementation of energy blockchain are discussed. The results show that energy blockchain is an effective innovation technology to accelerate the transformation of global energy structure. Multinational cooperation and government-leading are the basis of large-scale deployment of energy blockchain. The improvement of regulatory mechanisms and standards is the key to the commercial application of energy blockchain. This study is a comprehensive analysis of energy blockchain applications, which is expected to support decision making for its future development.

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能源区块链综合回顾：应用场景及发展趋势

区块链技术的破坏性性质引起了不同类型利益相关者的极大兴趣。它被许多行业采用，能够公开和安全地验证、跟踪和交换数据。能源区块链是区块链技术应用于能源领域时使用的术语，被认为具有开发去中心化、数字化和脱碳能源管理系统的潜力。文章从学术研究、企业和试点部署、政府扶持政策三个方面概述了发展进展。然后开发不同的分类法来演示和突出不同的应用程序。最后，讨论了阻碍能源区块链有效实施的未来趋势和挑战。结果表明，能源区块链是加速全球能源结构转型的有效创新技术。跨国合作和政府主导是能源区块链大规模部署的基础。监管机制和标准的完善是能源区块链商业化应用的关键。本研究是对能源区块链应用的综合分析，有望为其未来发展提供决策支持。监管机制和标准的完善是能源区块链商业化应用的关键。本研究是对能源区块链应用的综合分析，有望为其未来发展提供决策支持。监管机制和标准的完善是能源区块链商业化应用的关键。本研究是对能源区块链应用的综合分析，有望为其未来发展提供决策支持。