Forest landscape restoration (FLR) has gained global scientific and political attention in recent times, with many sub-Saharan African countries committing to restoration targets. Despite the commitments, there is a dearth of information on the factors shaping community participation in FLR in the context of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To close this gap, this study explored Babati District in Tanzania to investigate determinants, choices and policy implications of community-based FLR. A total of 98 households were surveyed in two villages, complemented by four experts’ interviews. We employed a hybrid analytical lens; the socio-ecological co-evolution, and the livelihoods framework for the study. The logistic regression analyses revealed that: (i) while both perceived monetary and non-monetary benefits shape households’ interest in FLR, asset-poor households are more interested in the monetary benefits than their rich counterparts, (ii) households FLR choices are largely shaped by the effectiveness of community-based institutions, (iii) natural, financial and social capital positively shaped households’ choices in FLR while a negative link was established for physical capital, and (iv) crop farmers choose to participate in FLR activities by growing a mixture of fruit and native timber tree species while those in other professions participated by planting only fruit trees species. Policy interventions which valorise community-based institutions should be prioritized to ensure equitable land access and tenure security, and promote the growing of native species. This would increase trust on land tenure and would invariably enhance participation in FLR activities. Moreover, policy incentives (e.g., training, micro-credit and market access) should be introduced to foster agro-based restoration approaches – involving the deliberate combination of tree-planting with crop-farming (agroforestry). Finally, policy support for alternative livelihood strategies such as bee keeping, butterfly gardening, snail and mushroom farming should be promoted to reduce monetary expectations from FLR interventions.

森林景观恢复 (FLR) 近来引起了全球科学和政治的关注，许多撒哈拉以南非洲国家致力于恢复目标。尽管做出了承诺，但在撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 的背景下，影响社区参与 FLR 的因素的信息仍然缺乏。为了弥补这一差距，本研究探索了坦桑尼亚的巴巴蒂区，以调查基于社区的 FLR 的决定因素、选择和政策影响。共调查了两个村庄的 98 户家庭，并补充了 4 名专家的访谈。我们采用了混合分析镜头；研究的社会生态共同进化和生计框架。逻辑回归分析显示：(i) 虽然感知到的货币和非货币收益都会影响家庭对 FLR 的兴趣，资产匮乏的家庭比富裕的家庭对货币收益更感兴趣，(ii) 家庭 FLR 的选择很大程度上取决于社区机构的有效性，(iii) 自然、金融和社会资本积极地影响了家庭在 FLR 中的选择虽然为实物资本建立了负联系，并且 (iv) 作物农民选择通过种植水果和本地木材树种的混合物来参与 FLR 活动，而其他行业的人则通过仅种植果树种来参与。应优先考虑使社区机构增值的政策干预措施，以确保公平的土地使用权和使用权安全，并促进本地物种的生长。这将增加对土地使用权的信任，并且一定会增强对 FLR 活动的参与。而且，应引入政策激励措施（例如，培训、小额信贷和市场准入）以促进基于农业的恢复方法——包括有意将植树与作物种植（农林业）结合起来。最后，应促进对养蜂、蝴蝶园艺、蜗牛和蘑菇种植等替代生计策略的政策支持，以降低 FLR 干预措施的货币预期。