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Is maternal employment detrimental to children’s nutritional status? Evidence from Bangladesh
Review of Development Economics ( IF 1.430 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-28 , DOI: 10.1111/rode.12819
Mohammad Jakaria 1, 2 , Rejaul Karim Bakshi 3 , M. Mehedi Hasan 4
Affiliation  

This paper explores the effect of maternal employment on the nutritional status of children below age 5 years in Bangladesh using data from the 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. Since mothers’ choice to participate in the labor market is endogenous, the estimation of the causal effect of maternal employment on child health is statistically challenging. To correct for the endogeneity of maternal employment, we employ instrumental variable (IV) estimation. While our ordinary least squares results show that mothers’ employment has no significant effect on children's nutritional outcome, the IV estimates suggest that maternal employment significantly decreases children's height-for-age Z-score. This result is contrary to conventional wisdom advocating for maternal employment to positively affect child health and well-being. We, therefore, argue for effective policy interventions—such as childcare centers at workplaces, flexibility in working hours including part-time options for mothers, restraining child marriages, and strengthening maternal and child health-care services through community health centers—to foster children's health as well as maternal employment in the country.

中文翻译:

产妇就业是否对儿童的营养状况有害?来自孟加拉国的证据

本文利用 2014 年孟加拉国人口与健康调查的数据探讨了孕产妇就业对孟加拉国 5 岁以下儿童营养状况的影响。由于母亲参与劳动力市场的选择是内生的,因此估计母亲就业对儿童健康的因果影响在统计上具有挑战性。为了纠正产妇就业的内生性,我们采用了工具变量 (IV) 估计。虽然我们的普通最小二乘结果表明母亲的就业对儿童的营养结果没有显着影响,但 IV 估计表明,母亲就业显着降低了儿童的年龄别身高Z-分数。这一结果与提倡孕产妇就业以积极影响儿童健康和福祉的传统观念背道而驰。因此,我们主张采取有效的政策干预措施——例如工作场所的托儿中心、灵活的工作时间,包括母亲的兼职选择、限制童婚,以及通过社区卫生中心加强母婴保健服务——以培养儿童的健康。该国的健康和孕产妇就业。
更新日期:2021-07-28
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