Due to the rapid expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries ordained lockdowns, establishing different restrictions on people's mobility. Exploring to what extent these measures have been effective is critical in order to better respond to similar future scenarios. This article uses anonymous mobile phone data to study the impact of the Spanish lockdown on the daily dynamics of the Madrid metropolitan area (Spain). The analysis has been carried out for a reference week prior to the lockdown and during several weeks of the lockdown in which different restrictions were in place. During these weeks, population distribution is compared during the day and at night and presence profiles are obtained throughout the day for each type of land use. In addition, a spatial multiple regression analysis is carried out to determine the impact of the different land uses on the local population. The results in the reference week, pre-COVID-19, show how the population in activity areas increases in each time slot on a specific day and how in residential areas it decreases. However, during the lockdown, activity areas cease to attract population during the day and the residential areas therefore no longer show a decrease. Only basic essential commercial activities, or others that require the presence of workers (industrial or logistics) maintain some activity during lockdown.

由于 COVID-19 大流行病的迅速蔓延，许多国家实施了封锁，对人们的流动性设置了不同的限制。探索这些措施在多大程度上有效对于更好地应对类似的未来情景至关重要。本文使用匿名手机数据研究西班牙封锁对马德里都会区（西班牙）日常动态的影响。该分析是在锁定前的参考周和锁定后的几周内进行的，期间有不同的限制。在这几周内，比较白天和晚上的人口分布，并全天获取每种土地利用类型的存在概况。此外，进行空间多元回归分析以确定不同土地用途对当地人口的影响。参考周（COVID-19 之前）的结果显示了活动区的人口在特定日期的每个时间段如何增加，以及在居住区如何减少。然而，在封锁期间，活动区在白天不再吸引人口，因此住宅区不再出现减少。只有基本的必要商业活动或其他需要工人在场的活动（工业或物流）在封锁期间保持一些活动。在封锁期间，活动区在白天不再吸引人口，因此住宅区不再减少。只有基本的必要商业活动或其他需要工人在场的活动（工业或物流）在封锁期间保持一些活动。在封锁期间，活动区在白天不再吸引人口，因此住宅区不再减少。只有基本的必要商业活动或其他需要工人在场的活动（工业或物流）在封锁期间保持一些活动。