Pleural sepsis stems from an infection within the pleural space typically from an underlying bacterial pneumonia leading to development of a parapneumonic effusion. This effusion is traditionally divided into uncomplicated, complicated, and empyema. Poor clinical outcomes and increased mortality can be associated with the development of parapneumonic effusions, reinforcing the importance of early recognition and diagnosis. Management necessitates a multimodal therapeutic strategy consisting of antimicrobials, catheter/tube thoracostomy, and at times, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

中文翻译：

---

胸膜脓毒症的评估和处理

胸膜脓毒症源于胸膜腔内的感染，通常来自潜在的细菌性肺炎，导致肺炎旁积液的发展。这种积液传统上分为单纯性、复杂性和脓胸。不良的临床结果和增加的死亡率可能与肺炎旁胸腔积液的发生有关，从而加强了早期识别和诊断的重要性。管理需要一种多模式的治疗策略，包括抗菌药物、导管/管胸造口术，有时还需要视频辅助胸腔镜手术。