The Rabi Hamiltonian, describing the interaction between a two-level atomic system and a single-cavity mode of the electromagnetic field, is one of the fundamental models in quantum optics. The model becomes exactly solvable by considering an atom without permanent dipole moments, whose excitation energy is quasiresonant with the cavity photon energy, and by neglecting the nonresonant (counter-rotating) terms. In this case, after including the decay of either the atom or the cavity mode to a continuum, one can derive the well-known phenomenology of quasiresonant transitions, including the fluorescence triplets. In this work we consider the most general Rabi model, incorporating the effects of permanent atomic electric dipole moments. Based on a perturbative analysis, we compare the intensities of emission lines induced by rotating terms, counter-rotating terms, and parity-symmetry-breaking terms in order to identify the parameter regimes in which these different contributions play a significant role. The analysis reveals that the emission strength related to the existence of permanent dipoles may surpass the one due to the counter-rotating interaction terms but is usually much weaker than the emission due to the main, resonant coupling. This ratio can be modified in systems with a reduced dimensionality or by engineering the energy spectral density of the continuum.

中文翻译：

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超越 Rabi 模型：光与腔中极性原子系统的相互作用

Rabi Hamiltonian 描述了两能级原子系统和电磁场的单腔模式之间的相互作用，是量子光学中的基本模型之一。通过考虑没有永久偶极矩的原子，其激发能量与腔光子能量准共振，并忽略非共振（反向旋转）项，该模型变得完全可解。在这种情况下，在将原子或腔模式衰减到连续介质后，可以推导出众所周知的准共振跃迁现象学，包括荧光三重态。在这项工作中，我们考虑了最通用的 Rabi 模型，其中包含了永久原子电偶极矩的影响。基于微扰分析，我们比较了由旋转项引起的发射线的强度，反向旋转项和奇偶对称破坏项，以确定这些不同贡献发挥重要作用的参数机制。分析表明，由于反向旋转相互作用项，与永久偶极子的存在相关的发射强度可能会超过强度，但通常比由于主共振耦合引起的发射弱得多。可以在具有降低维度的系统中或通过设计连续体的能谱密度来修改该比率。分析表明，由于反向旋转相互作用项，与永久偶极子的存在相关的发射强度可能会超过强度，但通常比由于主共振耦合引起的发射弱得多。可以在具有降低维度的系统中或通过设计连续体的能谱密度来修改该比率。分析表明，由于反向旋转相互作用项，与永久偶极子的存在相关的发射强度可能会超过强度，但通常比由于主共振耦合引起的发射弱得多。可以在具有降低维度的系统中或通过设计连续体的能谱密度来修改该比率。