Background

The time-varying association between physical activity (PA) and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate this association in the early- and late-adulthood during a 9-year follow-up.

Methods

This study was conducted on 3905 participants in early and late adulthood, using the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) dataset. PA was assessed via the Iranian version of Modified Activity Questionnaire (MAQ). The association between trend of PA and incident T2DM was investigated using time-varying Cox’s proportional hazard model. Variables including job, education, smoking and body mass index (BMI) were adjusted in the final model.

Results

The distribution of sex- and age-specific levels of PA changed significantly over time. Compared with physically inactive women, for older women with high level of PA, the risk of T2DM was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.43−0.95, P = 0.02) in adjusted model. Moreover, hazard for low PA group was significantly higher than the moderate group, and for these two groups were significantly higher than high PA level (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

High PA level can postpone the incident T2DM in early-aged and elderly women, over time. Therefore, gender and age are of great importance in designing the PA modifying programs to prevent T2DM.

中文翻译：

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成年早期和晚期身体活动与糖尿病风险之间的时变关联：在一个西亚国家进行的纵向研究

背景

体力活动 (PA) 与 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 发病率之间的时变关联仍不清楚。本研究旨在在 9 年的随访期间调查成年早期和晚期的这种关联。

方法

这项研究是使用德黑兰脂质和葡萄糖研究 (TLGS) 数据集对 3905 名成年早期和晚期的参与者进行的。PA 是通过伊朗版的改良活动问卷 (MAQ) 评估的。使用时变 Cox 比例风险模型研究 PA 趋势与 T2DM 事件之间的关联。包括工作、教育、吸烟和体重指数（BMI）在内的变量在最终模型中进行了调整。

结果

随着时间的推移，PA的性别和年龄特异性水平的分布发生了显着变化。与不运动的女性相比，对于 PA 水平较高的老年女性，在调整模型中，T2DM 的风险为 0.64（95% CI：0.43-0.95，P = 0.02）。此外，低PA组的风险显着高于中度组，这两组均显着高于高PA水平（P < 0.05）。

结论

随着时间的推移，高 PA 水平可以推迟早期和老年女性的 T2DM 事件。因此，性别和年龄在设计 PA 修改程序以预防 T2DM 时非常重要。