During railway operations unexpected events may occur, influencing normal traffic flows. This paper focuses on a train rescheduling problem in a railway system with seat-reserved mechanism during large disruptions, such as a rolling stock breakdown leading to some canceled services, where passenger reassignment strategies have also to be considered. A novel mixed-integer linear programming formulation is established with consideration of train retiming, reordering, and reservicing. Based on a time–space modeling framework, a big-M approach is adopted to formulate the track occupancy and extra train stops. The formulation aims to maximize the passenger accessibility measured by the amount of the transported passengers subject to canceled services and to minimize the weighted total train delay for all trains at their destinations. The proposed mathematical formulation also considers planning extra stops for non-canceled trains to transport the disrupted passengers, which were supposed to travel on the canceled services, to their pre-planned destinations. Other constraints deal with seat capacity limitation, track capacity, and some robustness measures under uncertainty of disruption durations. We propose different approaches to compute advanced train dispatching decisions under a dynamic and stochastic optimization environment. A series of numerical experiments based on a part of “Beijing–Shanghai” high-speed railway line is carried out to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model and methods.

铁路运营过程中可能会发生突发事件，影响正常的交通流量。本文重点研究具有座位预留机制的铁路系统中的列车重新调度问题，例如在大规模中断期间，例如机车车辆故障导致一些服务取消，还必须考虑乘客重新分配策略。考虑到列车重定时、重新排序和预留，建立了一种新颖的混合整数线性规划公式。基于时空建模框架，一个大M的方法是制定轨道占用和额外的列车停靠点。该公式旨在最大限度地提高乘客的可达性，以被取消服务的运输乘客数量衡量，并最大限度地减少目的地所有列车的加权总列车延误。提议的数学公式还考虑为未取消的列车规划额外的停靠点，以将原本应该乘坐已取消服务的受干扰乘客运送到他们预先计划的目的地。其他约束涉及座位容量限制、轨道容量以及在中断持续时间不确定的情况下的一些稳健性措施。我们提出了不同的方法来计算动态和随机优化环境下的高级列车调度决策。